Anaplastic Ganglioglioma in a Middle-aged Woman: A Case Report with a Review of the Literature

Abstract

We report a case of anaplastic ganglioglioma. A 45-yr-old woman was admitted with a 5-month history of headache and dizziness, both of which progressed slowly. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed a strong enhancing mass in the left frontal lobe extending to the cingulate gyrus. Adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy were given after gross total resection of the tumor. Histological and immunohistochemical studies showed an anaplastic ganglioglioma. Gangliogliomas of the central nervous system are rather uncommon tumors, and anaplastic ones are extremely rare. The pertinent literature regarding gangliogliomas is reviewed.

Pediatric Primary Anaplastic Ganglioglioma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…According to Rades et al [8], the criteria for high-grade tumors are the presence of anaplastic histologic features or the presence of an MIB-1 labeling index >10%. More frequently, the malignant characteristics are featured by the glial component, but cases where both the astrocytic and ganglionic populations are malignant, as in the case described here, have previously been reported[9,10,11,12,13,14]. …”

Oksipital Ganglioglioma: Olgu Sunumu ve Kısa Gözden Geçirme

“…7 Gang li og li o mas are usu ally se en in child ho od and ado les cen ce, ho wever its ma ni fes ta ti on can be de la yed un til the third de ca de of li fe. 1,3,8 The ove rall in ci den ce of the se tumors va ri es bet we en 0.4% and 1.7%, ho we ver can be as high as 7.6% in child ho od pe ri od du e to its high pe net ran ce. [9][10][11][12] The se tu mors are usu ally lo ca ted sup ra ten tori ally with a pre di lec ti on to tem po ral lo bes, ho wever they may be fo und in all parts of the CNS.…”

“…3,5,13 In vol ve ment of the oc ci pi tal re gi on is quite ra re in the cli ni cal prac ti ce, as the ca se pre sented. 1,5,8,[14][15][16][17][18] Se i zu re is the most com mon pre sen ting symptom, which is usu ally (40%) chro nic tem po ral lo be epi lepsy. 19 Gang li og li o mas are classified as gra de I and II ac cor ding to re cent World He alth Or ga ni za ti on (WHO) clas si fi ca ti on system.…”

“…19 Gang li og li o mas are slow gro wing be nign tu mors of the CNS, alt ho ugh ma lig nant va ri ants are rarely seen. 8,20 Ma lig nant prog res si on in ci den ce accor ding to WHO clas si fi ca ti on is 6% in gra de I and 20% in gra de III gang li og li o mas. 21 The his to pat ho lo gi cal di ag no sis of gang li og lio ma re qu i res the pre sen ce of ne op las tic ne uro nal and gli al cells.…”

“…It is generally agreed that sub to tally re sec ted gang li og li o mas sho uld be tre a ted with ra di ot he rapy when the re is do cu mented prog res si on or if the as trocy tic com po nent shows ma lig nant cha rac te ris tics. [7][8][9][21][22][23] Es ti ma ted oc cur ren ce of ma ling nant trasn for ma ti on is abo ut %6. Ma lig nant trans for ma ti on is usu ally as so ci a ted with in comp le te tu mor re sec ti on and ra di a ti on therapy in so me ca ses.…”