Anaplastic oligodendroglioma with leptomeningeal dissemination in a french bulldog

Nakamoto, Yuya; Fukunaga, Daisuke; Uchida, Kazuyuki; Mori, Takashi; Kishimoto, T.; Ozawa, Tsuyoshi

doi:10.1292/jvms.17-0652

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…They are commonly gelatinous owing to a high level of mucin production. They can be found intraventricularly, multifocally within the central nervous system, or diffusely in the leptomeninges as either a primary mass or metastatic spread (77–79). Astrocytomas tend to be similar in color to the adjacent neuroparenchyma and often blend with the adjacent parenchyma without obvious mass formation (78).…”

Section: Gliomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Primary Intracranial Cancer: A Clinicopathologic and Comparative Review of Glioma, Meningioma, and Choroid Plexus Tumors

2019

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In the dog, primary intracranial neoplasia represents ~2–5% of all cancers and is especially common in certain breeds including English and French bulldogs and Boxers. The most common types of primary intracranial cancer in the dog are meningioma, glioma, and choroid plexus tumors, generally occurring in middle aged to older dogs. Much work has recently been done to understand the characteristic imaging and clinicopathologic features of these tumors. The gross and histologic landscape of these tumors in the dog compare favorably to their human counterparts with many similarities noted in histologic patterns, subtype, and grades. Data informing the underlying molecular abnormalities in the canine tumors have only begun to be unraveled, but reveal similar pathways are mutated between canine and human primary intracranial neoplasia. This review will provide an overview of the clinicopathologic features of the three most common forms of primary intracranial cancer in the dog, delve into the comparative aspects between the dog and human neoplasms, and provide an introduction to current standard of care while also highlighting novel, experimental treatments that may help bridge the gap between canine and human cancer therapies.

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Section: Gliomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Primary Intracranial Cancer: A Clinicopathologic and Comparative Review of Glioma, Meningioma, and Choroid Plexus Tumors

2019

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“…An increasing metastatic caseload was similarly observed in people ( 5 ). Two canine case reports describe oligodendroglioma disseminating via the CSF, a process known as “CSF drop metastasis ( 6 , 7 ).” Such metastasis often occurs in a caudal direction, in accordance with CSF flow. In both dogs, a solitary forebrain mass was initially treated with radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both dogs, a solitary forebrain mass was initially treated with radiation. After treatment, sequential metastatic lesions were seen on follow-up MRI, first more caudally within the brain and then in the cervical spinal cord ( 6 , 7 ). Neurological deficits can progress from focal and forebrain to vestibular, cervical, or multifocal ( 6 , 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After treatment, sequential metastatic lesions were seen on follow-up MRI, first more caudally within the brain and then in the cervical spinal cord ( 6 , 7 ). Neurological deficits can progress from focal and forebrain to vestibular, cervical, or multifocal ( 6 , 7 ). In other canine oligodendrogliomas, CSF drop metastasis has been suspected at first presentation ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The goal of this retrospective multi-institutional study was, therefore, to describe the MRI findings of canine glioma CSF drop metastasis and categorize them according to the human classification system ( 5 ). Based on the two canine case reports ( 6 , 7 ), we hypothesized that the metastatic lesions would have different imaging characteristics to the primary tumor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Drop Metastases of Canine Glioma: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Classification

et al. 2021

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Dissemination of glioma in humans can occur as leptomeningeal nodules, diffuse leptomeningeal lesions, or ependymal lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drop metastasis of glioma is not well-recognized in dogs. Ten dogs with at least two anatomically distinct and histologically confirmed foci of glioma were included in this study. The 10 dogs underwent 28 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, with distant CSF drop metastasis revealed in 13 MRIs. The CSF drop metastases appeared as leptomeningeal nodules in four dogs, diffuse leptomeningeal lesions in six dogs, and ependymal lesions in seven dogs; six dogs had a combination of lesion types. Primary tumors were generally T2-heterogeneous and contrast-enhancing. Many metastases were T2-homogeneous and non-enhancing. Diffuse leptomeningeal lesions were seen as widespread extra-axial contrast-enhancement, again very dissimilar to the intra-axial primary mass. Primary masses were rostrotentorial, whereas metastases generally occurred in the direction of CSF flow, in ventricles, CSF cisterns, and the central canal or leptomeninges of the cervical or thoracolumbar spinal cord. Seven of the dogs had received therapy limited to the primary mass, such as surgery or stereotactic radiation, then developed metastasis in the following months. CSF drop metastasis of glioma may take a very different appearance on MRI to the primary mass, including periventricular lesions that are more homogeneous and less contrast-enhancing, rostral horn signal changes, or leptomeningeal enhancement ventral to the brainstem or encircling the spinal cord.

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Diagnostic imaging, treatment and outcome in a 14‐month‐old Dobermann with brainstem gemistocytic astrocytoma

Manzanedo‐Delgado¹,

Mason²,

Pumarola

et al. 2021

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 14-month-old male neutered Dobermann presented for investigations into lingual paresis, dysphagia and proprioceptive ataxia of the pelvic limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass lesion in the brainstem. Treatment with glucocorticoids and radiation therapy (RT) achieved a good quality of life for 6 months, after which deterioration occurred. Repeated MRI revealed an expansion of the mass lesion, after which the owners elected for the patient to be euthanised. Postmortem histological examination and immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of a gemistocytic astrocytoma. This case report describes the first case in the veterinary literature of a young dog with a brainstem gemistocytic astrocytoma treated with RT and glucocorticoids, with remission of clinical signs and excellent quality of life for 6 months after treatment.

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Anaplastic oligodendroglioma with leptomeningeal dissemination in a french bulldog

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Canine Primary Intracranial Cancer: A Clinicopathologic and Comparative Review of Glioma, Meningioma, and Choroid Plexus Tumors

Canine Primary Intracranial Cancer: A Clinicopathologic and Comparative Review of Glioma, Meningioma, and Choroid Plexus Tumors

Cerebrospinal Fluid Drop Metastases of Canine Glioma: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Classification

Diagnostic imaging, treatment and outcome in a 14‐month‐old Dobermann with brainstem gemistocytic astrocytoma

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