Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma

Kebebew, Electron; Greenspan, Francis S.; Clark, Orlo H.; Woeber, Kenneth A.; McMillan, Alex

doi:10.1002/cncr.20936

Cited by 537 publications

(213 citation statements)

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“…Although it accounts for only 1.7% of thyroid carcinomas in the United States, it is responsible for up to 39% of thyroid carcinoma deaths. Prognosis is dismal: overall cause-specific mortality rate is 68.4% at 6 months and 80.7% at 12 months [1]. As in our patient, common presenting symptoms of ATC include laryngeal, tracheal, and esophageal obstruction.…”

supporting

confidence: 46%

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A 59-Year-Old Male with Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Kidnie¹,

Sopha²,

Sweet³

2017

IJRRT

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Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a very rare and extremely aggressive carcinoma of the thyroid. Prognosis is dismal and by definition, is classified as stage IV upon diagnosis. Imaging plays a central role in defining the extent of disease, planning therapy, and monitoring the response to treatment. This case report illustrates the aggressive nature of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and the value of imaging in guiding tumor biopsy, identification of metastases, and planning therapy.

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supporting

confidence: 46%

“…The study found the median survival following diagnosis of ATC to be 5 months, with a median 1-year survival of 20%, making it one of the most aggressive solid tumors to affect humans [2]. The median age of onset is 71.3 years (SD 12.7 years) [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 59-Year-Old Male with Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Kidnie¹,

Sopha²,

Sweet³

2017

IJRRT

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“…Symptoms can be related to invasion of tumor to neighboring structures such as recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), parasympathetic chain (causing Horner's syndrome), or even carotid arteries (causing stroke). About 40% of patients usually present with lymphadenopathy and up to 43% have distant metastasis, most commonly to the lung followed by bone and brain at the time of diagnosis [98].A variety of previous studies have evaluated prognostic factors of ATC [99][100][101][102]. These prognostic factors include patients' age, tumor size, and clinical stage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Cancers: Considerations, Classifications, and Managements

Khosravi¹,

Kouhi²,

Saeedi³

et al. 2017

Diagnosis and Management of Head and Neck Cancer

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Rapidly increasing trend of thyroid cancer incidence has turned this disease into a global concern. An estimated number of 64,300 new cases of thyroid cancer occurred in men and women in 2016, which represents 3.8% of all new cancer cases of USA (htps://seer. cancer.gov/statfacts/html/thyro.html). Thus, there is a high possibility for every physician to encounter a case of thyroid cancer during his/her professional lifetime. In this chapter, we clariied epidemiology, diferent categories, and new approaches toward diagnosis and management of thyroid cancer.Keywords: thyroid cancer, epidemiology, diferentiated thyroid cancer, undiferentiated thyroid cancer, thyroid nodule Detailed epidemiology of thyroid cancerAs the most common endocrine cancer and ifth most common cancer in women, thyroid cancer includes approximately 1-1.5% of all new cases of cancer diagnosed annually in the USA based on previous data [1][2][3]. Thyroid cancer is more prevalent among women and those with positive family history of thyroid disease. Some prior studies have reported a worldwide increasing trend for thyroid cancer incidence in recent decades [4]. Annual percent change (APC) is a commonly used indicator for the assessment of changes in incidence. Based on US National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, it has been reported 2.4% from 1980 to 1997 and 6.6% from 1997 to 2009 in both genders for thyroid cancer (data available at htp://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/thyro.html).© 2017 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.According to [2009][2010][2011][2012][2013] data, the rate of new cases of thyroid cancer was 13.9 per 100,000 men and women per year (Figure 1). Table 1 summarizes number of new cases per 100,000 persons by race/ethnicity and sex. A recently published study on adolescent cancer incidence during 1975-2012 has reported a 2.12% increase for females and 1.59% for males between 15 and 19 years of age [5]. However, there is a study indicating that thyroid cancer incidence trend has slowed following release of American Thyroid Association (ATA) guideline in 2009 [6, 7]. It has been reported that overall thyroid cancer incidence had an increasing trend about 8% per year from 2000 to 2009. But APC showed a deceleration about 3% in men and 2.8% in women, which was conined to tumors less than 2.9 cm of size for women [7].Also, thyroid cancer-related mortality was estimated to consist 0.3% of all cancer-related deaths in 2016. A 5-year survival rate of 98.1% has been reported for thyroid cancer. Despite increasing trend of incidence, thyroid cancer mortality has a relatively stable rate about 0.5 cases per 100,000 persons both from 1973 to 2002 and 2009 to 2013 [8, 9].In conclusion, it seems that thyroid cancer has been following an ...

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“…Kebebew et al analyzed data from the SEER database and they estimated that the age under 60 and the intrathyroidal ATC location are the two main factors for expecting longer survival [4]. Our patient was a 66-year-old woman and there have been found metastases in the lungs, what indicated a poor progno- …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…It is worth noting, that although this type of cancer is a rare neoplasm, the mortality rate is above 90% and it is the cause of 14-39% deaths of patients with the thyroid cancer [4]. One-year and 5-year relative survival rates are estimated to be 10-20% and 4.6-5.4% respectively [3,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaplastyczny rak tarczycy z gwałtowną tyreotoksykozą — opis przypadku i przegląd literatury

Daroszewski

Paczkowska

Jawiarczyk-Przybyłowska

et al. 2018

Endokrynologia Polska

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Introduction: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive human malignancies and constitutes approximately 1.6-5% of the malignant neoplasms of the thyroid gland. ATC usually manifests itself with the local symptoms due to a rapidly enlarging thyroid mass, and as other thyroid cancers, has only seldom been reported to cause thyrotoxicosis. Up to now only 9 cases of ATC with concomitant thyrotoxicosis have been described. Case report: We report a rare case of a 66-year-old woman, who had had the preexisting large, euthyroid multinodular goiter for almost 50 years. She was consulted by a doctor because of a 4-week history of thyrotoxicosis, symptoms of the congestive heart failure and a rapid increase in the size of the goiter. Thyroid hormone levels were consistent with a hyperthyroid state. The fine-needle aspiration biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, the small cells variant. The 99m Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy visualized nonhomogenous tracer distribution with hot nodules. She was given a doxorubicin (20 mg/week) and required the continuous antithyroid treatment. The patient died a one year after the first symptoms of the disease occurred. Discussion: The association between ATC and a thyrotoxic state is very rare. In most cases, thyrotoxicosis concomitant with ATC was thought to be a result of the destruction of the thyroid follicles by the rapid infiltration with malignant cells, resulting in the leakage of preformed hormones to the circulation. In that case the most probable cause of thyrotoxicosis was the multinodular goiter coexisting with ATC. A simultaneous onset of tumor growth, thyrotoxicosis and a relatively long survival time of our patient is worth to notice and discuss. (Endokrynol Pol 2018; 69 (1): 28-31)

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Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma

Cited by 537 publications

References 33 publications

A 59-Year-Old Male with Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

A 59-Year-Old Male with Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Thyroid Cancers: Considerations, Classifications, and Managements

Anaplastyczny rak tarczycy z gwałtowną tyreotoksykozą — opis przypadku i przegląd literatury

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