Anatomic distribution of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium infections in men who have sex with men

Reinton, Nils; Moi, Harald; Olsen, Anne O.; Zarabyan, N.; Bjerner, Johan; Tønseth, T. M.; Moghaddam, Amir

doi:10.1071/sh12092

Cited by 51 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The prevalence of MG found in our study is low in each anatomic locations (0% in pharynx and urine, and 1% in rectum) compared with a prevalence of 5.1% reported by Reinton et al [10]. …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…According to the high prevalence of asymptomatic STIs found in our MSM population and in other studies, prevention efforts in the form of counseling about the risk of STI needs to be done in the population of MSM [2,10,12]. To stop epidemic STI in MSM patients, systematic screening and treatment should be performed regardless of whether the pathogen detection and the presence of infection versus colonization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Prevalence of Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections among Men Who Have Sex with Men

Philibert

Khiri

Pénaranda

et al. 2014

JCM

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Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infection. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to prospectively detect the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis (CT), neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), mycoplasma genitalium (MG), and high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV), and syphilis in a population of asymptomatic sexually active MSM. Methods: Rectal, pharyngeal, and urine samples for CT, NG, MG, and HR-HPV were analyzed in 116 MSM patients attending the clinic for their routine follow-up during the period the study was conducted: 99 patients were issued from the clinic routine follow-up for their HIV infection, and 17 attended the clinic because they were sexual partners of an HIV infected male. Results: An STI was found in 16% of the patients (19/116), with at least one bacterial strain (CT, NG, or MG) found in one site (the pharynx, rectum, or urine). Conclusions: In this study, 16% of the MSM reporting recent RAI were asymptomatic carriers of rectal CT, NG, or MG. According to the high prevalence of asymptomatic STIs found in our MSM population and in other studies, prevention efforts in the form of counseling about the risk of STI need to be done in the population of MSM.

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“…The prevalence of MG found in our study is low in each anatomic locations (0% in pharynx and urine, and 1% in rectum) compared with a prevalence of 5.1% reported by Reinton et al [10]. …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections among Men Who Have Sex with Men

Philibert

Khiri

Pénaranda

et al. 2014

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A cross-sectional study of 521 MSMs in Melbourne reported these rates to be 2.1%, 0.6%, and 1.6%, respectively [14], and Reinton et al . reported 5.1%, 1.7% and 4.5%, respectively, in the studied population of Norway [16]. Our present study found that MSMs in Shenzhen, China had an overall MG infection rate of 8.1%, with 3.4% positive in FVU and 5.4% positive in rectal specimens.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…There are a few reports on the prevalence of MG infections among MSM populations in both urine and rectal specimens [14-16]. Among MSMs in London, the overall MG prevalence was 6.6% with 2.7% positive in FVU and 4.6% positive in rectal specimens [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of urethral and rectal Mycoplasma genitalium among men who have sex with men in China, a cross-sectional study

Zheng¹,

Yin²,

Han³

et al. 2014

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundAlthough Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI), very little information regarding the prevalence of MG among MSM (men who have sex with men) is available in China. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of MG among MSM in the city of Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China, and to identify the potential risk factors associated with MG infection in this population.MethodsBetween January and May 2010, a total of 409 MSM were recruited in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect information regarding their sociological and sexual behaviors. In addition, their first-void urine (FVU) samples and rectal swabs were collected for PCR-based MG testing.ResultsAmong the 406 FVU and 405 rectal swab samples were collected from 409 MSM, the overall MG prevalence was 8.1% (33/406, 95% CI 5.7%-10.6%), with a FVU positivity of 3.4% (95% CI 1.7%-5.4%) and a rectal positivity of 5.4% (95% CI 3.5%-7.7%). Using both univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses, urethral MG infection was significantly associated with having more heterosexual behaviors (AOR 7.16, 95% CI 1.89-27.13), and with having unprotected anal intercourse in the past six months (AOR 4.80, 95% CI 1.40-16.47). Rectal MG infection was significantly associated with HIV infection based on univariate logistic regression analysis (OR = 4.49, 95% CI 1.18-17.12).ConclusionsIn this study, we investigated the prevalence of MG infection in the population of interest, as determined from both urethral and rectal specimen. We showed that MG was more prevalent in MSM who had bisexual behaviors compared to those who engaged only in homosexual behaviors. Further work is needed to establish the mode of MG transmission and to identify its role in HIV transmission. Meanwhile, more attention should be paid to MG infection among MSMs, and especially bisexual MSMs, which might have critical implications for effective HIV/STD control in China.

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“…Therefore, it would be worthwhile to investigate MG in the human intestinal tract, oral cavity, as well as urogenital tract (Table 3) [35,36]. In the near future, we must define whether MG's tissue tropism has a certain role in spreading the infection and developing drug resistance in homosexual, as well as in heterosexual individuals ( Table 3).…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variation inMycoplasma genitalium

Lee

2017

Urogenit Tract Infect

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Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is the smallest self-replicating bacterium. Although small in size, unique MG genome induces distinctive and often serious characteristics in the infected cells. Due to its small genome and chronic symptomatic characteristics in the infected host, it first appears as a weak, insignificant, and easily controllable microbe. However, it is not a monotonous chrysalis, but rather a multicolored butterfly with various capabilities. Repetitive DNA sequence in MG's immunodominant MgPa operon has been considered as an efficient strategy to evade the host immune surveillance and mediate MG's genetic flexibility. Because of MG's pathogenicity in multiple organs, various antimicrobials are prescribed, further exerting selection pressure on microbes. Consequently, a rapidly increasing drug resistance in macrolide and moxifloxacin has been frequently reported globally, radically decreasing the overall cure rate of infection. Re-infection can be defined as a new MG infection through antigenic variation, while persistent infection refers to recurrent infections caused by the same MG isolate through acquisition of antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, we must differentiate between re-infection and persistent MG infection, and approach them accordingly. The genetic mechanisms of DNA variation in the MgPa operon and antibiotic resistance must be considered for the management of multicolored infection. In this respect, the unique genetic characteristics of MG will be described in detail. We hope that with this manuscript, clinicians can expand their understanding of recurrent MG infections and better choose an appropriate treatment for the infection in clinical setting.

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Anatomic distribution of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium infections in men who have sex with men

Abstract: Our results supports the European findings that the MSM population carries a high burden of STIs and that testing the anorectum and oropharynx will identify a significantly higher percentage of infected patients and reservoirs of STIs.

Cited by 51 publications

References 25 publications

High Prevalence of Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections among Men Who Have Sex with Men

High Prevalence of Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections among Men Who Have Sex with Men

The prevalence of urethral and rectal Mycoplasma genitalium among men who have sex with men in China, a cross-sectional study

Genetic Variation inMycoplasma genitalium

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