Background: Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) has gained popularity in the United States due to claims of its superior 3-dimensional magnified vision and improved manual dexterity for surgeons that shorten the learning curve and facilitate the transition from standard open radical prostatectomy to laparoscopic prostatectomy as a minimally invasive procedure. The Canadian health care system, however, faces unique challenges when dealing with the introduction of new technologies. We report the initial experience with the use of the da Vinci robot for RALRP at the University of Western Ontario.
Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the records of the initial 30 cases of RALRP with a minimum of 6 months follow-up. Data included the surgical times of various operative segments from cases 1-15 and 16-30, perioperative complications, early oncology and early functional results.
Results:The lack of dedicated resources initially led to sporadic and infrequent cases. Nevertheless, there was improvement in surgical proficiency with significant difference in operative times between cases 1-15 and 16-30. Perioperative complications, though significant, were commensurate with reported early experiences from other centres worldwide, which reflects the learning curve with RALRP.
Conclusion:Initiating a new surgical program that involves significant capital and maintenance costs, such as an RALRP program, within the Canadian health care system poses unique challenges for the surgical team. Nevertheless, our initial experience has encouraged us to proceed with the next phase of evaluation for the urological and oncological application of the technology. L aparoscopic radical prostatectomy, first described in the early 1990s, 1 was popularized by several European groups, 2-4 with the main impetus being to decrease operative morbidity while upholding principles of oncological therapy and theoretically minimizing longterm morbidity, such as incontinence and erectile dysfunction.Surgical robotics have improved laparoscopic surgical proficiency by: • providing superior 3-dimensional "up close" magnification and an unparalleled view of the deep pelvis and retropubic space; • facilitating surgical manipulation with superior dexterity via "wristed motions" and increased degrees of surgical freedom; and • improving precision of dissection by tremor filtration and movement scaling. according to the research protocol. The robotic surgical team members (both "console" and "bedside laparoscopic" surgeons and nursing personnel) underwent formal approved training in the use of the da Vinci robot as well as the RALRP surgical procedure at the University of California at Irvine. The 2 console surgeons have fellowship training in urological oncology; one is primarily an open surgeon with 20 years of experience and a large oncology practice, and the other surgeon has significant laparoscopic experience. We prospectively collected data for the first 30 RALRP cases with a minimum of 6 months follow-up. Patient demograp...