Anatomic Landmarks for Locating Parotid Lesions in Relation to the Facial Nerve: Cross-sectional Radiologic Study

El‐Hakim, Hamdy; Mountain, Rocky; Carter, Lachlan; Nilssen, E. L. K.; Wardrop, Peter; Nimmo, M. J.

doi:10.2310/7070.2003.11423

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…However, it is often difficult to obtain a definite separation between arteries and veins, and even between the blood vessels and salivary gland ducts. Notwithstanding this shortcoming, the application of bTFE for visualizing blood vessels may be beneficial for evaluating the extent of tumors (e.g., to locate facial nerves or predict the extension of cancer into neighboring blood vessels) (11,12). A comparison with findings from previous studies that employed 3D PC and 3D TOF sequences (1) shows that the visibility of the carotid artery branches has been greatly improved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Parallel imaging technique for the external carotid artery and its branches: Comparison of balanced turbo field echo, phase contrast, and time‐of‐flight sequences

Sumi¹,

Sumi²,

Cauteren³

et al. 2007

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose:To evaluate the parallel imaging technique in the external carotid artery and its branches using 3D balanced turbo field echo (3D bTFE), 3D phase-contrast (3D PC), and 3D time-of-flight (3D TOF) MR angiography (MRA) sequences. Materials and Methods:A total of 26 healthy volunteer subjects underwent 3D bTFE, 3D PC, and 3D TOF MRA with the parallel imaging sensitivity encoding (SENSE) technique. The obtained images were read in a blinded fashion by three radiologists. Interreader and intersequence statistical analyses were performed to compare the visibility of the arteries. Results:Friedman's ranking test demonstrated that there was no significant difference in visibility between any two pairs of sequences for the external carotid artery and its first branches. However, of the three techniques, 3D PC MRA performed the best for the second-order branches (P Ͻ 0.01) and for overall visibility of the external carotid artery and its branches (P Ͻ 0.01). The 3D bTFE sequence is superior to 3D TOF; however, an effective means of separating arteries from veins and salivary ducts is needed. Conclusion:The combination of parallel imaging and the 3D PC technique is a promising approach for face and neck MRA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Parallel imaging technique for the external carotid artery and its branches: Comparison of balanced turbo field echo, phase contrast, and time‐of‐flight sequences

Sumi¹,

Sumi²,

Cauteren³

et al. 2007

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…A wide range of landmarks have been reported in the literature. However, the reliability of these landmarks is still one of the main concerns since there is no conclusive evidence that any one landmark is better than the rest [ 4 - 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The stylomastoid artery as an anatomical landmark to the facial nerve during parotid surgery: a clinico-anatomic study

et al. 2009

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“…The RV is also used as one of the surgical landmarks to identify and preserve the FN in parotid surgeries 4 5. It is also considered to be an important landmark for preoperative radiological evaluation of tumour 6. As it is difficult to make out the FN in CT or MRI, RV is used as a radiological marker dividing the parotid gland into superficial and deep lobes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual position of retromandibular vein: a surgical challenge in parotid surgeries

Saravanam

Manimaran

2017

BMJ Case Reports

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A 44-year-old man presented with swelling in the left parotid region. The swelling was firm and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology report proved pleomorphic adenoma. In the CT scan, the tumour was confined to the superficial lobe of parotid. So, left superficial parotidectomy was planned. Modified Wilson Blair's incision was used. On course of identifying the facial nerve, a large calibre vein was identified running vertically through the parotid substance. Assuming it as retromandibular vein, further dissection was carried out more meticulously. Marginal mandibularbranch of facial nerve was identified near the angle of mandible and retrograde dissection showed the cervicofacial division running medial to retromandibular vein with the main facial nerve trunk lying unusually medial and posterior to it. Adding to it, the temporofacial division was found 'forked' between the branches of retromandibular vein. These variations in head and neck venous channels are not that rare as we believe. All these variations have an embryological basis. Therefore, knowledge and understanding of this complex anatomy will help us preventing devastating complications like bleeding and facial nerve injury in such cases.

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Anatomic Landmarks for Locating Parotid Lesions in Relation to the Facial Nerve: Cross-sectional Radiologic Study

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Parallel imaging technique for the external carotid artery and its branches: Comparison of balanced turbo field echo, phase contrast, and time‐of‐flight sequences

Parallel imaging technique for the external carotid artery and its branches: Comparison of balanced turbo field echo, phase contrast, and time‐of‐flight sequences

The stylomastoid artery as an anatomical landmark to the facial nerve during parotid surgery: a clinico-anatomic study

An unusual position of retromandibular vein: a surgical challenge in parotid surgeries

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