Anatomical and molecular analyses of the deltoid muscle in chimpanzees (<i>Pan troglodytes</i>) and modern humans (<i>Homo sapiens</i>): Similarities and differences due to the uses of the upper extremity

Gómez, Mònica; Casado, Aroa; Diego, Marina de; Pastor, Juan Francisco; Potau, Josep Maria

doi:10.1002/ajp.23390

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Musculus acromiodeltoideus or the m. deltoideus pars acromialis is the main abductor muscle for the arm, supported by the m. supraspinatus (Argot 2001). In some primates, elevating and stabilizing functions of the deltoid muscles is important for arboreal locomotion (Gómez et al 2022) and it is suggested that the deltoid muscles in the large flying fox share similar functional characteristic to support active flying activity. Musculus infraspinatus that fills the fossa infraspinata, has the opposite function to m. supraspinatus, since it acts as a flexor of the humerus, although synergistically it makes the wing abduction movements (Norberg 1972).…”

Section: Back Pectoral Shoulders and Arms Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Musculoskeletal structure of the shoulder and arm in large flying fox (Pteropus vampyrus)

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Cahyadi DD, Nurhidayat, Nisa’ C, Supratikno, Novelina S, Setijanto H, Agungpriyono S. 2022. Musculoskeletal structure of the shoulder and arm in large flying fox (Pteropus vampyrus). Biodiversitas 23: 5902-5913. The flight activity of bats is the most energy-consuming activity compared to other locomotion activities. The anatomical characteristic of its musculoskeletal system is believed to play important role in their flight ability. The present study aimed to describe the musculoskeletal morphology of the shoulder, arms, and wing of the large flying fox (Pteropus vampyrus). In this study, the parameters used are observing the specific body parts of the shoulder and arm skeletons and muscles, comparing skeletons and muscles of the other species of bats and related literature. The arm and wing skeleton of the large flying fox were relatively simple, lengthened, and flexible at the distal end of the distal most phalanx, demonstrating the flexibility of a flying fox’s arm and wing during flight. The muscles involved in flying movement that moved the wings, either in adduction or in abduction. The muscles that play a role in the wing adduction phase of the large flying fox are musculi (mm.) pectorales, musculus (m.) serratus ventralis thoracis, m. clavodeltoideus, and m. biceps brachii caput coracoideus. Conversely, the wing abduction phase is played by several main muscles, such as m. clavotrapezius, m. acromiotrapezius, m. latissimus dorsi, m. teres major, m. acromiodeltoideus, m. spinodeltoideus, m. triceps brachii caput laterale, and m. triceps brachii caput longum. Briefly, the musculoskeletal characteristics of the shoulder and arms of the large flying fox are suggested as morphological adaptation to allow free shoulder area movement, reduce the body mass, and resist the large torsional stress in the wing.

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Section: Back Pectoral Shoulders and Arms Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%