Anatomical and Palynological Investigation within flora of Family Asteraceae

Abstract

A comprehensive microscopic investigation of the leaf epidermis, as well as anatomical and palynological research of selected Asteraceae species from the flora of Havali (Kahutta) Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) Pakistan, was carried out. This study includes 11 plant species comprising of Senecio jacobea, Leucanthemum vulgare, Halianthus annuus, Erigeron bonariensis, Achillea millifolium, Halianthus Linnaeus, Taraxacum officinale, Anaphalius nepalensis, Erigeron Canadensis, and Tagetes erecta. All the species studied were amphistomatic, with four different forms of stomata i.e tetracytic, anomocytic, anisocytic, and tricytic. The main stomatal type was tetracytic, followed by anomocytic. The abaxial epidermis has a higher stomatal density than the adaxial epidermis. Highest stomatal density was present Tagetes erecta while lowest is present in Conyza canadensis. In lower epidermis stomatal index was higher in Taraxacum officinale followed by Halianthus annuus and Tagetes erecta while in upper epidermis highest index was shown by Halianthus annuus. For this study species of family Acteraceae were properly collected. Furthermore, variation in pollen can be seen. List of palynomorph which includes family name, botanical name, local name, English name, flower colour, season and pollen description for the logical arrangement of these species. The logical ordering of these species was guided by dust characteristics such as form and pollen morphology. Palynological data has been found to be too big for taxonomists to calculate and make appropriate observations on their findings.

Molecular and phenotypic characteristics of T1 transgenic yellow cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus) carrying neomycin phosphotransferase II gene

“…The abaxial epidermis has higher stomata density than the adaxial. It as has been reported in the family Asteraceae, such us Helianthus annuus, Tagetes erecta, and Achillea millefolium (Shahzad et al 2022). The transgenic and wildtype yellow cosmos plants under study had similar anomocytic stomata.…”

“…In this stomata type, guard cells are surrounded by neighboring cells whose size and shape are not different from epidermal cells (Grohar et al 2022). The anomocytic stomata had been reported in C. sulphureus (Win 2016), Heracleum candicans (Dar et al 2022), H. annus and T. erecta (Shahzad et al 2022). Purnobasuki et al (2022) reported that Cosmos caudatus has anomocytic and anisocytic stomata.…”

Karakteristik Stomata dan Trikoma Lima Spesies Gulma Familia Asteraceae di Waduk Pendidikan Universitas Diponegoro

“…Menurut Rivera, et al (2019) karakteristik daun pada familia Asteraceae mengalami keragaman karena menyesuaikan dengan kondisi lingkungan seperti kekeringan, salinitas, dan ketersediaan cahaya. Variasi ukuran stomata terjadi tergantung dari ukuran sel penjaga yang mengapitnya (Shahzad, et al, 2022).…”

“…Stomata klima spesies Asteraceae bersifat amfistomatik, yaitu stomata ditemukan di permukaan adaksial dan abaksial daun, namun stomata lebih banyak terdapat di permukaan abaksial sehingga nilai densitasnya lebih tinggi. Hal ini sejalan dengan penelitian Shahzad, et al (2022) yang menyatakan dari 11 spesies Asteraceae yang diamati, seluruhnya bersifat amfistomatik dengan densitas stomata permukaan abaksial lebih tinggi dibanding permukaan adaksial.…”