Anatomical pathology of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection. First impressions

Рыбакова, М. Г.; Карев, В. Е.; Kuznetsova, Irina A.

doi:10.17116/patol2020820515

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The latter is most likely due to other mechanisms of death prevailing in cells affected in COVID-19. A similar effect was observed earlier in our studies as well as in works by other researchers [26] and undoubtedly requires further studies. At the same time, manifestations of virus-induced transformation of parenchymal cells in endocrine organs infected with SARS-CoV2, were sharply manifested.…”

Section: Pathohistological Datasupporting

confidence: 92%

Post-COVID Endocrine Disorders: Putative Role of Molecular Mimicry and Some Pathomorphological Correlates

Normatov¹,

Карев²,

Kolobov³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The article is devoted to the problem of autoimmune diseases provocation by coronavirus infection and the role of molecular mimicry in this phenomenon. SARS-CoV-2 can disguise its proteins as human ones in order to avoid immune attack. A bioinformatics analysis of the probable pentapeptide sharing between human autoantigens of endocrinocytes and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, membrane protein and nucleocapsid protein was performed. Antigen mimicry between S-proteins of all other known human Coronaviruses and typical target autoantigens of endocrinocytes was also explored. Six human-identical regions were found in the SARS-CoV-2 membrane and nucleocapsid proteins, all of them in their immunodominant epitopes. All shared epitopes belong to antigens of endocrine cells commonly targeted during autoimmune endocrinopathies. Moreover, samples of the pituitary, adrenal and thyroid from patients who died from coronovirus infection (COVID-19) were studied morphologically using histochemical methods. A high frequency of SARS-CoV-2 caused inflammation of the studied endocrine organs was found in patients who died from severe COVID-19. At the same time, the abundant expression of virus antigens by the cells of the adenohypophysis was combined with the complete absence of its expression by the cells of the neurohypophysis. SARS-CoV-2 infected cells apparently perished by non-apoptotic pathway. The foci of lesions in endocrine organs contained abundant lymphocytic infiltrates which may witness for the impact of autoimmune processes. The facts revealed emphasize the need of endocrinological diagnostic alertness of a physician while observing patients with post-vaccination and post-COVID-19 health disorders. [3 figures, 6 tables, bibliography: 45 references].

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Section: Pathohistological Datasupporting

confidence: 92%

Post-COVID Endocrine Disorders: Putative Role of Molecular Mimicry and Some Pathomorphological Correlates

Normatov¹,

Карев²,

Kolobov³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…A major acute pathologic fi nding like in other studies [5,8,9,11,16] was bilateral DAD, which included lung edema, hyaline membranes, pneumocytes and fi broblast proliferation. In 87% of patients in Borczuk A.C et al [8] study and 96.5% of cases in our cohort, typical features of DAD were found, at least focally.…”

Section: Covid-19-related Length Of Hospital Stay Distribution Among ...mentioning

confidence: 51%

Covid-19 Pulmonary Pathology: A Multi-Institutional Autopsy Cohort From Lviv and Lviv Region

Kuzyk

Gavrilyuk²,

Semko³

et al. 2022

PSSS MS

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Introduction. Worldwide, more than 182 million cases of COVID-19 and more than 3.9 million deaths have been confi rmed since the virus was fi rst identifi ed. Advanced age and some comorbid conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, are considered risk factors for the adverse course of the discussed pathology. In recent years, several reports have been published about the results of the pathological examination of patients with COVID-19. Most often, in fatal cases, diff use alveolar damage is described, which is characterized by intraalveolar edema, the appearance of "hyaline" membranes and the proliferation of pneumocytes and fi broblasts. However, the nature of the damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear. The study of pathomorphological changes in severe fatal cases of COVID-19 is important for a better understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of pulmonary complications and the development of new eff ective methods of antiviral treatment.The aim of the current study is to evaluate the gross and microscopic fi ndings in COVID-19 patients' autopsy to investigate the clinicopathologic basis for adverse outcomes with a fatal course of the disease. Methods.A retrospective analysis of 1036 consecutive autopsies associated with COVID-19 in 2020 was conducted based on Lviv Regional Offi ce for Autopsy and Lviv Railway Clinical Hospital. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confi rmed by clinical signs of viral pneumonia, nasopharyngeal smear analysis, and radiological changes. A statistical study was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0.Results. The majority (72.4%) were elderly (60+) males (54.1±1.5%) and females (45.9±1.5%), with an age range from 19 to 93 years (mean age 66.9 ± 0.4 years). All examined patients had pneumonia, which was detected during a clinical examination with CT diagnosis and confi rmed at autopsy. The acute exudative phase of pneumonia was diagnosed in 18.5±1.2% of cases, proliferative phase -in 18.5±1.2%, and fi brotic phase -in 5.9±0.7%. And in 53.5±1.5% of cases, signs of progressive fi brosis associated with exudative lesions prevailed. COVID-19 was the single original cause of death in 88.7±1.0% of cases. The following were identifi ed in the lungs: typical virus-induced changes in epithelial cells of the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli (100%, n=1036); diff erent phases of diff use alveolar damage in the majority of cases (96.5±0.6%); manifestations of innate immunity were described; pathological changes in the microvasculature (large vessel thrombi were detected in 37.9±1.5%). Conclusion.Our study results prove the importance of pathological examination of tissues during autopsies to determine the pathophysiological mechanisms and underlying causes of death of patients with COVID-19.

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“…Having quickly recovered from the first shock caused by high mortality rates, the entire global medical community started to investigate the new disease . Thus, in a comprehensive analysis of 700 autopsies of patients who died from this new coronavirus infection, Rybakova et al . (2020) established that in 43% of cases, COVID-19 was the only underlying cause of death .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia as a manifestation of acute myocardial injury

Makeeva,

Zbyshevskaya,

Mayer

et al. 2023

Cardiac Arrhythmias

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BACKGROUND: Over the past 3 years, the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) has increased significantly worldwide, which was associated with the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. It is accompanied by an increase in the cases of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and development of heart failure due to acute myocardial injury. Given the high lethality of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), studying the characteristics of new-onset AF is essential. AIM: The study aims at determining the predictors of new-onset AF in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and at analyzing the clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of acute myocardial injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 36 patients aged 4482 years (average 68.0) with COVID-19 pneumonia, AF paroxysms were recorded for the first time. All of them underwent computed tomography of the chest, electrocardiography, and echocardiography. The left ventricular ejection fraction was calculated using the Simpson method. Oxygen saturation was determined as blood oxygen saturation. Clinical blood tests were performed, C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, D-dimer, fibrinogen, and troponin I levels were measured. RESULTS: Along with the well-known predictors of AF development (arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, and left atrial dilatation), with COVID-19 pneumonia, new-onset AF paroxysms were recorded in patients of the middle, elderly, and late-life age. In 44.4% of patients with AF, cardiomegaly occurred with dilatation of both atria and ventricles. With decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, the incidence of AF paroxysms reached 61.5%. With preserved ejection fraction, AF paroxysms occurred much less frequently (27%). In patients with AF, the extent of lung damage is on average 62.5% (2080%) with oxygen support saturation of 93% (7697%). Serum troponin I levels of 2000 ng/L indicated acute myocardial injury. CRP and blood ferritin values confirmed the presence of a pronounced inflammatory component in myocardial injury. High concentrations of blood fibrinogen and D-dimer, reaching 16,301 ng/mL, were associated with a tendency to hypercoagulation in patients with AF and COVID-19 pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 has a direct damaging effect on the myocardium and probably persists for a long time, which may induce AF in patients with acute pneumonia.

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Anatomical pathology of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection. First impressions

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Post-COVID Endocrine Disorders: Putative Role of Molecular Mimicry and Some Pathomorphological Correlates

Post-COVID Endocrine Disorders: Putative Role of Molecular Mimicry and Some Pathomorphological Correlates

Covid-19 Pulmonary Pathology: A Multi-Institutional Autopsy Cohort From Lviv and Lviv Region

New-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia as a manifestation of acute myocardial injury

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