Anatomical properties of branches and twigs mangrove woods

Abstract

In order to optimize the utilization of mangrove woods, particularly branches and twigs parts, this research was conducted to investigate anatomical properties of three species of mangrove woods, namely api-api (Avicennia marina), bakau minyak (Rhizopora apiculata), and berembang (Sonneratia caseolaris). The properties were comprised of both microtome sections and macerations dimensions. Procedure for microtome followed Sass method, resulted in three sections for each part, namely cross-section (L/longitudinal), radial/R section, and tangential/T section. Technical procedure for maceration based on Forest Product Laboratory (FPL) method, resulted in measurement of fiber dimension and derivative of fiber dimension. In term of microtome, the anatomical features between branches and twigs for each species in L, R, T sections are similar, but their quantitative anatomical observations between twigs and branches have differences in the vessel, rays and fiber parameters statistically. In term of fiber dimension and its derivatives (Runkel Ratio, Felting Power, Mulhstep Ratio, Coefficient Rigidity, Flexibility Ratio) both branches and twigs showed same quality class, namely 3rd class with scored 150-175 points.

Physical, chemical, and thermal properties of branches mangrove wood of Bruguiera gymnorhiza during conversion into charcoal and charcoal briquette

“…On the other hand, bound water is found in the cell wall. various wood species have various difference in their anatomical features, both macroscopically and microscopically [4]. The diameters of cavities and cell walls are impacted by anatomical differences, which has an impact on the capacity to release and absorb water molecules.…”

“…Empowering community around mangrove forest to utilize both the branches and twigs wood have been emerging during and post covid19 pandemic, for instance producing wood craft [1,2] and making natural dyes [3]. Research on branches and twigs derived from mangrove forest also have been conducted for obtaining possible better added value as well as supporting green economy, for example investigation of the anatomical properties of the branches and twigs wood from mangrove forest thus enabled optimization their potential [4] and investigation of the basic properties of the branch's mangrove wood for possibility processing as raw material of pellet and briquette [5]. Recently published, a study for making wood briquette from three species of mangrove branches have been also carried out and might contribute to sustainable forest management [6].…”

Briquettes Made of Branches Wood of Three Mangrove Species Bonded by Starch Adhesive

“…Bound water, on the other hand, is in the cell wall. The anatomical characteristics of different species of wood have different variations both macroscopically and microscopically [47]. Differences in anatomical properties affect the sizes of cavities and cell walls, thereby affecting the ability to release and absorb water molecules.…”