Anatomical studies on water hyacinth (<i>Eichhornia crassipes</i>(Mart.) Solms) under the influence of textile wastewater

“…Mahmood et al (2005) reported that in the presence of textile industry effluents, E. crassipes plants exhibited a reduction in cell size in leaf tissues, whereas Pereira et al (2011) found no deleterious effects in anatomy of leaves and roots of this species in the presence of arsenic. In Plantago major, lead reduced stomatal density as well as stomatal conductance and vascular bundle size (Kosobrukhov et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lead tolerance of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes Mart. - Pontederiaceae) as defined by anatomical and physiological traits

Pereira

Castro

Oliveira

et al. 2014

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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This study aimed at verifying the lead tolerance of water hyacinth and at looking at consequent anatomical and physiological modifications. Water hyacinth plants were grown on nutrient solutions with five different lead concentrations: 0.00, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00 and 4.00 mg L -1 by 20 days. Photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance and the Ci/Ca rate were measured at the end of 15 days of experiment. At the end of the experiment, the anatomical modifications in the roots and leaves, and the activity of antioxidant system enzymes, were evaluated. Photosynthetic and Ci/Ca rates were both increased under all lead treatments. Leaf anatomy did not exhibit any evidence of toxicity effects, but showed modifications of the stomata and in the thickness of the palisade and spongy parenchyma in the presence of lead. Likewise, root anatomy did not exhibit any toxicity effects, but the xylem and phloem exhibited favorable modifications as well as increased apoplastic barriers. All antioxidant system enzymes exhibited increased activity in the leaves, and some modifications in roots, in the presence of lead. It is likely, therefore, that water hyacinth tolerance to lead is related to anatomical and physiological modifications such as increased photosynthesis and enhanced anatomical capacity for CO 2 assimilation and water conductance.

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“…Esses autores constataram ainda aumento na atividade da peroxidase e na peroxidação lipídica, decorrente do estresse oxidativo na presença de arsênio. As modificações anatômicas de E. crassipes sob estresse são ainda pouco relatadas; contudo, Mahmood et al (2005) verificaram diferenças no tamanho das células dos tecidos dessa espécie crescendo sob efluentes de indústria têxtil.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Mecanismos anatômicos e fisiológicos de plantas de aguapé para a tolerância à contaminação por Arsênio

et al. 2011

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RESUMO -Este trabalho teve como objetivo a avaliação das características anatômicas e fisiológicas de aguapé (Eichhornia crassipes) em resposta ao estresse por arsênio. As plantas de aguapé foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva hidropônica de Hoagland em casa de vegetação sob cinco concentrações de arsênio: 0,0; 0,25; 0,5; 1,0; e 2,0 mg L -1 por período de 20 dias. As plantas demonstraram aumento na taxa fotossintética, na condutância estomática, na transpiração e na relação Ci/Ca, bem como na atividade de todas as enzimas do sistema antioxidante, com maior atividade nas folhas em relação às raízes nos tratamentos contendo arsênio. As características anatômicas das folhas das plantas sob as maiores concentrações de arsênio mostraram aumento na densidade estomática, no índice estomático e na espessura do parênquima esponjoso. A anatomia radicular não evidenciou alterações decorrentes da intoxicação por arsênio e modificações nas características do xilema e floema, porém não houve prejuízos à sua estrutura e função. Dessa forma, o estresse por intoxicação pelo arsênio, nas concentrações testadas, não é evidente nas plantas de E. crassipes, e os mecanismos de tolerância são relacionados com modificações na anatomia e fisiologia das plantas.Palavras-chave: Eichhornia crassipes, anatomia ecológica, sistema antioxidante, fotossíntese.ABSTRACT -This work aimed to evaluate the anatomical and physiological characteristics of Eichhornia crassipes in response to arsenic stress. Plants of E. crassipes were grown in Hoagland hydroponic nutritive solution under greenhouse conditions at five arsenic levels: 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L -1 during 20 days. The plants showed an increase in photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration and Ci/Ca rate, as well as in the activity of all the enzymes in the antioxidant system, with higher activity in the leaves than in the roots, in all the treatments with arsenic. The anatomical characteristics observed on the leaves of the plants under higher arsenic levels showed an increase in stomatal density, stomatal index and spongy parenchyma thickness. Root anatomy showed no toxic evidences at any arsenic level; changes in the xylem and phloem characteristics were exhibited by the roots in the arsenic treatments, but no damage was caused to its structure and function. Thus, stress caused by arsenic intoxication at the levels tested, is not evident on E. crassipes plants, and the mechanisms of tolerance of E. crassipes are associated to anatomical and physiological changes.

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Anatomical studies on water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes(Mart.) Solms) under the influence of textile wastewater

Cited by 74 publications

References 7 publications

Waste Water Purification Potential of Eichhornia crassipes (Water Hyacinth)

Waste Water Purification Potential of Eichhornia crassipes (Water Hyacinth)

Lead tolerance of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes Mart. - Pontederiaceae) as defined by anatomical and physiological traits

Mecanismos anatômicos e fisiológicos de plantas de aguapé para a tolerância à contaminação por Arsênio

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