Anatomical Variations of the Parietal Foramen and Its Relations to the Calvarial Landmarks: A Cross-Sectional Cadaveric Study

Abstract

The aim: Estimate the prevalence of the parietal foramen in the adult human skulls of Ukrainian origin, and study its morphology and relationships to main anatomical landmarks of the skull. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observational study of PF was conducted with 42 random cadaveric adult human skull roofs (calvaria) collected from the laboratory and museum of Human Anatomy Department, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine. The patency and the length of the PF canal were determined, and PF external/internal diameters and the distance to the calvarial landmarks from PF were measured using the caliper. Mean and standard deviation were calculated to compare with the existing data. Results: In the present study 85.7% (n = 36) of the calvaria had the PF, 54.8% (n = 23) had bilateral location of PF, 30.9% (n = 13) had unilateral presence of PF (right side: 23.8%, n=10 and left side: 7.1%, n=3), and 14.3 % (n = 6) demonstrated bilateral absence of PF. Conclusions: An anatomical variation in parietal foramen is not uncommon, and the differences can be based on multiple factors like geography and race. It is important to have detailed information on anatomical variations in different population groups to facilitate surgical and radiological interventions.

Anatomical features of parietal foramen in adults: A cross-sectional study

“…In the literature, PF is often reported to be absent, single or double [2,3,15,18,21,22,29]. In some studies, it was noted that this foramen may be 3 or more in number [4,8,9,17,26,30].…”

“…Murlimanju et al [17], Shantharam and Manjunath [21], and Halagatti and Sagar [9] agreed that similar to the results of our study, PF is located between the middle and posterior 1/3 of the parietal bones. Shmarhalov et al [22] reported that the most common location of PF was at the side of the sagittal suture, mid of the distance between the vertex and lambda. The size, presence, content, and topography of PFs are variable.…”

“…The prevalence and location of PF have been reported to vary among different ethnic groups [4,11,12,27]. Smarhalov et al [22] emphasized that anatomical variations of PF are not rare and reported that it is important to know in detail the anatomical variations in different population groups to facilitate invasive procedures.…”

Craniometrical Characteristics of the Parital Bones of the Human Skull Vault With Different Gender and Craniotype

“…Краніометрія склепіння черепа, завжди викликала зацікавленість великої кількості науковцівморфологів, ця ділянка є вкрай важливою з позиції виконання безлічі нейрохірургічних втручань при проведені доступів до внутрішньочерепних структур [1][2][3][4]. Тім'яна кістка як одна з найбільших структур мозкового відділу черепа має значну залежність від встановленого краніотипу, при цьому існують певні діапазони змін основних лінійних параметрів, що підтверджується дослідженнями ряду авторів [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

A method of evaluation of the shape of the human cerebellum: MRI study

“…The variability of the shape of the organ is one of the manifestations of its individual anatomical variability. One of the ways to determine the shape of an organ is to evaluate the ratio of its linear dimensions [17,21,30]. Magnetic resonance imaging and other modern neuroimaging research methods make it possible to establish the morphological features of organs during life, while preserving their natural position.…”