2001
DOI: 10.1016/s1072-7515(00)00776-6
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Anatomy and Physiology of Lymphatic Drainage of The Breast From The Perspective of Sentinel Node Biopsy

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Cited by 258 publications
(168 citation statements)
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“…Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy is indispensable to detect non-axillary sentinel nodes. An intraparenchymal tracer administration is essential because intradermal or subdermal injection will rarely visualise drainage to the internal mammary chain (Shen et al, 2001;Tanis et al, 2001). Intratumoural injection with a small volume is preferred to peritumoural injection, because it limits the extent of the diffusion zone at the injection site (Valdés Olmos et al, 2000).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy is indispensable to detect non-axillary sentinel nodes. An intraparenchymal tracer administration is essential because intradermal or subdermal injection will rarely visualise drainage to the internal mammary chain (Shen et al, 2001;Tanis et al, 2001). Intratumoural injection with a small volume is preferred to peritumoural injection, because it limits the extent of the diffusion zone at the injection site (Valdés Olmos et al, 2000).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…e alcançam uma cadeia de linfonodos existente ao longo dos vasos mamários, chamada cadeia mamária interna 10,11 . Há ainda a possibilidade da drenagem direta do parênquima mamário para linfonodos supraclaviculares e drenagem para a cadeia mamária interna contralateral por via retroesternal, caso haja obstrução da drenagem axilar homolateral causada por tumor, cicatriz cirúrgica ou radiação.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…Mostrou-se ainda que os linfonodos intercostais posteriores podem receber drenagem linfática da mama em número pequeno de casos, bem como os linfonodos intercostais anteriores. Apesar desta rica anatomia, é consenso que a axila é o principal local de drenagem linfática da mama e que os linfonodos axilares recebem mais de 75% de toda drenagem linfática da mama homolateral 10 . A rede linfática mamária é dividida nos plexos superficial ou subareolar (de Sappey) e profundo ou fascial.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…Rouviere (1932), Grant et al (1953), and Borgstein et al (2000) supported Sappey's concept of the subareolar plexus for the breast lymph drainage. However, Turner-Warwick (1959), Spratt (1979), Tanis et al (2001), and Suami et al (2008) observed that lymphatic pathways from the breast drained directly into the axilla without first passing through the subareolar plexus. Thereby, two potential routes of lymphatic connections from the breast parenchyma to the axilla have been suggested: (a) direct lymphatic connections from the breast parenchyma to the axilla and (b) drainage of parenchyma via the subareolar complex into the axillary lymph nodes (Fig.…”
Section: Lymph Nodes and Lymphatics From The Breast And The Upper Extmentioning
confidence: 99%