Anatomy of the ankle ligaments: a pictorial essay

Golanó, Pau; Vega, Jordi; Leeuw, Peter A. J. de; Malagelada, Francesc; Manzanares, María Cristina; Götzens, Víctor; Dijk, C. Niek van

doi:10.1007/s00167-010-1100-x

Cited by 352 publications

(381 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although the calcaneofibular ligament works in conjunction with the ATFL to support the lateral ankle against inversion stress, it is oriented 132° relative to the ATFL and demonstrates low strain during plantar flexion and inversion compared to the ATFL. 9,15 This study used a heel clamp to apply inversion stress to the ankle to standardize positioning for ultrasound imaging, which covered the course of the calcaneofibular ligament, precluding application of the ultrasound probe over the ligament. Applying calcaneal inversion stress without this ankle stress device, while attempting to identify the calcaneofibular ligament with an ultrasound probe, is a technical challenge not addressed in the current study but one that further investigations may address to help better identify individuals with isolated calcaneofibular ligament injuries or combined ATFL/calcaneofibular ligament injuries.…”

Section: Ankle Sprain Copersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Lateral Ankle Laxity Measured via Stress Ultrasonography in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability, Ankle Sprain Copers, and Healthy Individuals

Croy¹,

Saliba²,

Saliba³

et al. 2012

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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Section: Ankle Sprain Copersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Lateral Ankle Laxity Measured via Stress Ultrasonography in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability, Ankle Sprain Copers, and Healthy Individuals

Croy¹,

Saliba²,

Saliba³

et al. 2012

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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“…For modeling ligaments linear elements has been used, which give the ability to give a preload. Placing the ligaments have been determined on the basis of their anatomical arrangement based on the literature [21]. The structure of ligaments was modeled using a single line or a group of lines depending on their geometry based on the publication [22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis Of Large Deformation Of Articular Cartilage In Upper Ankle Joint Of Occupant In Military Vehicles During Explosion

Klekiel¹,

Będziński²

2015

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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The paper presents the analysis of the load of lower limbs of occupants in the armoured military vehicle, which has been destroyed by detonation of the Improvised Explosive Device (IED) charge under the vehicle. A simplified model of the human lower limb focused on upper ankle joint was developed in order to determine the reaction forces in joints and load in particular segments during the blast load. The model of upper ankle joint, include a tibia and an ankle bone with corresponding articular cartilage, has been developed. An analysis of the stress distribution under the influence of forces applied at different angles to the biomechanical axis of a limb has been performed. We analyzed the case of the lower limb of a sitting man leaning his feet on the floor. It has been shown that during a foot pronation induced by a knee outward deviation, the axial load on the foot causes significantly greater tension in the tibia. At the same time it has been shown that within the medial malleolus, tensile stresses occur on the surface of the bone which may lead to fracture of the medial malleolus. It is a common case of injuries caused by loads on foot of passengers in armored vehicles during a mine or IED load under the vehicle. It was shown that the outward deviation of the knee increases the risk of the foot injury within the ankle joint.Keywords: Large deformation, Finite element modeling, lower limb injury, upper ankle joint, military vehicle, explosion W artykule przedstawiono analizę MES obciążenia kończyn dolnych osób w opancerzonym pojeździe wojskowym, który został zniszczony przez zaimprowizowaną detonację ładunku wybuchowego (IED) pod pojazdem. W uproszczonym modelu dolnej kończyny ludzkiej skoncentrowano się na górnej części stawu skokowego. Model opracowany został w celu określenia siły reakcji w stawach i obciążenia w poszczególnych segmentach podczas obciążenia wybuchowego. Model górnego stawu skokowego, obejmuje kość piszczelową oraz kości stawu skokowego z odpowiadającymi chrząstkami stawowymi. Przeprowadzono analizę rozkładu naprężeń pod wpływem sił wywieranych pod różnymi kątami w stosunku do osi biomechanicznej kończyny. Przeanalizowano przypadek kończyny dolnej siedzącego mężczyzny z nogą opartą na podłodze. Wykazano, że podczas skręcenia stopy indukowanego przez odwiedzenie kolana na zewnątrz, siła osiowa na stopie powoduje znacznie większe naprężenie rozciągające w kości piszczelowej. Jednocześnie wykazano, że w kostce przyśrodkowej, naprężenia rozciągające występują na powierzchni kości, co może prowadzić do wystąpienia złamania kostki przyśrodkowej. Jest to częsty przypadek obrażeń spowodowanych obciążeniami stóp pasażerów pojazdów pancernych podczas eksplozji miny lub wybuchu ładunku ( IED) pod pojazdem. Wykazano, że odchylenie kolana zwiększa ryzyko obrażeń stopy w stawie skokowym.

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“…Once the bones were finished, the ligaments started to be built using the software SolidWorks®. The specific characteristics of each ligament from the talocrural and subtalar joints, such as origin and insertion [11], anatomic description [12] and thickness [13;14] were researched in the literature to confirm their position in the images.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%