Anatomy of the extensor tendons of the fingers: Variations and multiplicity

Schroeder, Herbert P. von; Botte, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/s0363-5023(05)80053-x

Cited by 85 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…They also report that the variant muscle appears to be less frequent in females compared with males. 4 The current report supports this observation, in which 5 cadavers showing EDM are males and 1 cadaver with EDM is female. Previous reports record an equal incidence of EDM between right and left forearms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…2,[4][5][6][7][8]10 The current report shows the prevalence is at the middle of this range (7.4%). A higher incidence is reported by von Schroeder and Botte, 4 with a 12% prevalence of the EDM. They also report that the variant muscle appears to be less frequent in females compared with males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…2,[4][5][6][7][8]10 According to Abu-Hijleh, "No clinical or surgical cases of such occurrence have been reported and therefore it is doubtful whether an accurate estimate of the prevalence of EDM can be made." 2 However, Pfeiffer 11 discovered an EDM while operating on the hand of a 28-year-old patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,[4][5][6][7][8][9] The purpose of this study is to report the presence of the EDM in cadavers in the anatomy dissection laboratory and to ascertain their frequency, bilaterality, innervation, and sex differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The presence of extensor digiti medii muscle—anatomical variant

Carlos

Goubran

Ayad

2011

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine

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Objective: This study reports the presence of the extensor digiti medii muscle (EDM) in a population of cadavers dissected by students at a chiropractic college anatomy laboratory and determines its frequency, bilaterality, innervation, and sex differences. Methods: Dissection of upper extremities of 47 human cadavers (24 males, 23 females) was conducted. Both upper extremities were examined for bilaterality. The long extensor tendons were exposed, separated, and cut to expose the EDM. Identifying the innervation of the variant muscle was attempted. The specimens were then photographed. Results: In this report, the prevalence of EDM is at 7.4%. The EDM was discovered in 5 male cadavers and 1 female cadaver (5:1 ratio). It also revealed that the EDM was prevalent on the left forearm than on the right forearm at a ratio of 5:2. Out of the 47 cadavers studied in this report, only one was observed to have EDM bilaterally (2.1%). In 2 cadavers, the EDM appeared to be supplied by the posterior interosseous nerve. The branch piercing through the extensor indicis muscle continued to give off a small branch entering the belly of the EDM. Conclusion: The findings obtained in this report support previous observations regarding its prevalence in males more than females. The report also shows that the EDM occurs more in the left forearm than the right forearm as opposed to other reports of equal incidence between left and right forearms. This report also supports one previous study showing that the posterior interosseous nerve innervates the EDM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The presence of extensor digiti medii muscle—anatomical variant

Carlos

Goubran

Ayad

2011

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The typical arrangement of finger extensor tendons is as follows: (1) single EIP inserting ulnar to the EDC tendon of the index finger; (2) single tendon from the EDC to the index and middle fingers; (3) double tendon from the EDC to the ring finger; (4) absent EDC to small finger, but usually a substantial juncturatendinum from the ring EDC to EDM; and (5) double EDM tendon to the little finger with a double insertion into the MCP joint hood [2]. Distal to MCP joint the EDC tendons are trifurcated into a central slip and in two lateral slips.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%