Anatomy of the head in the Saanen goat: a computed tomographic and cross-sectional approach

Tohidifar, Mohsen; Goodarzi, Nader; Mirmohammadkhani, Majid

doi:10.1007/s12565-020-00536-0

Cited by 14 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The present study revealed two nasal conchal sinuses in the Ile de France sheep that occupied the dorsal and middle conchal sinus. This condition was in contrast to those reported in buffalo (Alsafy et al., 2013), camel (Alsafy et al., 2014), Egyptian sheep (Awaad et al., 2019) and Saanen goat (Tohidifar et al., 2020). The ventral conchal sinus was absent because of the presence of spiral lamellae within the caudal end of ventral nasal concha.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…This modality has previously been used to describe the anatomy of the paranasal sinuses and cranial cavity in some mammal species including equines (Arencibia et al., 2000; Tucker et al., 2016; Smallwood et al., 2002), carnivores (De Rycke et al., 2003; Reetz et al., 2006; Saunders et al., 2002) and non‐mammal species like reptiles (Banzato et al., 2012). Moreover, among the ruminant species, the head anatomy of Egyptian buffalo (Alsafy et al., 2013), camel (Alsafy et al., 2014), Sambar deer (Keneisenuo et al., 2021), Rayini goat (Shojaei et al., 2008), Egyptian sheep (Awaad et al., 2019), Egyptian native goat (Seddek et al., 2014) and Saanen goat (Tohidifar et al., 2020) have been explained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CT anatomy of the head in the Ile de France sheep

Mirmohammadkhani

Zehtabvar

Modarres

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background CT scan images provide accurate anatomical data from different areas of the body that can be used to diagnose diseases. Objectives The present work aimed to describe the normal anatomical structures of the Ile de France sheep head and its morphometric and volumetric properties using computed tomography (CT) and stereological methods. Methods Five adult Ile de France sheep heads, which were of mature age (above 10 months), were included in this study. The different cavities of the head, including the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, orbital cavity and vestibulocochlear system, were evaluated using CT scans, cross, sagittal and coronal sections. Results The mean length, height and width of the skull were 25.3 ± 1.02, 9.8 ± 0.93 and 12.3 ± 0.91 cm, respectively. The results showed that the nasal cavity is divided into three regions. Vestibular, respiratory and olfactory regions. The paranasal sinuses are composed of maxillary, frontal, palatine, sphenoid, lacrimal and ethmoidal that were identified and named in the CT scan images and their corresponding anatomical cross‐sections. The total volume of the head, nasal cavity and oral cavity was estimated to be 2998 ± 202.00, 303 ± 31.33 and 229.3 ± 10.61 cm3, respectively. Conclusions The frontal sinus in the Ile de France sheep was limited to the frontal bone without extending into the parietal, temporal, or occipital bones, similar to Saanen goat. This study provided a comprehensive atlas of Ile de France sheep anatomy to internal medicine veterinarians and surgeons.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT anatomy of the head in the Ile de France sheep

Mirmohammadkhani

Zehtabvar

Modarres

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, advanced imaging was required to further characterize the extent of retrobulbar disease. Normal anatomy of one breed of goat, the Saanen, has been evaluated with CT. 27 The normal contralateral side was used for comparison in our patient. CT and MRI have the benefit of providing cross-sectional imaging, as well as superior contrast resolution over ultrasonography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and surgical management of a retrobulbar abscess causing unilateral exophthalmos in a Boer goat

Fuchs

Walker

Adkins

et al. 2021

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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A 10‐year‐old Boer goat wether presented for unilateral exophthalmos of 2‐ to 3‐week duration. Ocular ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) were utilized in the diagnosis of the patient's orbital disease and surgical planning. Exenteration was performed under the same general anesthetic event as CT. Cytology, culture, and histopathology were performed after exenteration. Cytology was consistent with a mixed bacterial infection. Culture confirmed the presence of Streptococcus ovis. Histopathology on the enucleated globe and mass revealed no evidence of tumor and confirmed intraocular extension of retrobulbar inflammation. Histopathologic diagnosis was consistent with severe chronic orbital pyogranuloma and fibrinosuppurative endophthalmitis confined to the subretinal space. The abscess recurred in the orbital space 2 weeks postoperatively; the orbit was explored. Repeat culture was consistent with S. ovis, Staphylococcus schleigeri subspecies coagulans, and Fusobacterium necrophorum. Complete resolution was obtained after drainage and lavage of the orbit. Abscess is cited as a cause of exophthalmos in small ruminants, but no individual case reports exist. Advanced imaging allowed presumptive diagnosis and surgical planning. Histopathology confirmed intraocular extension of retrobulbar disease.

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“…Similar studies were performed on the caprine abdominal cavity, where the tomographic anatomy, organ dimensions, volume and densities were presented [ 4 ]. The CT characterization of the head, mammary gland, orbital cavity and eyes were also described [ 5 – 8 ]. In single case reports, CT was helpful in diagnosing diseases such as leukoencephalomyelitis, a giant cell tumor of the mandible, a brain abscess and sinusitis [ 9 – 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT appearance and measurements of the normal thyroid gland in goats

et al. 2021

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Background Goats are increasingly being kept as companion animals, thus their owners expect advanced medical care, including modern diagnostic imaging. Computed tomography (CT) is now widely used in veterinary medicine, in both clinical practice and for scientific purposes. So far, the CT appearance of various body parts has been described in goats, but reports on thyroid gland CT are still lacking. The thyroid gland in goats may become enlarged due to dietary, genetic or neoplastic disorders. CT examination, as in other animals and humans, could aid in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases in goats and could be used for research purposes. The aim of the study was to present the CT characteristics of the normal caprine thyroid gland, in particular its dimensions, volume and density. Results Fifty-seven goats were included in the study. None of the animals had clinical, CT, post-mortem or histopathologic abnormalities in the thyroid gland. CT features of the thyroid gland were determined, such as dimensions, volume, density, location and shape. The presence of the thyroid isthmus and ectopic thyroid tissue was also assessed. The gland was visible in every animal as two homogenous, highly attenuating, well-circumscribed lobes located in the most cranial part of the trachea. The mean dimensions of the thyroid lobe were 30.3 × 12.7 × 6.7 mm, the mean density was 80.9 Hounsfield Units (HU) and the mean volume was 1.32 cm3 or 1.39 cm3, depending on the method used. Also, the internal parathyroid glands were visible in some animals. Conclusions For the first time, the normal CT appearance of the thyroid gland has been presented. CT clearly shows the thyroid gland in goats and therefore can be used in clinical practice and for research. The results of the current study may serve as a radiological guideline for practitioners and may be the basis for further CT studies on normal and diseased caprine thyroid glands.

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Anatomy of the head in the Saanen goat: a computed tomographic and cross-sectional approach

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

CT anatomy of the head in the Ile de France sheep

CT anatomy of the head in the Ile de France sheep

Diagnosis and surgical management of a retrobulbar abscess causing unilateral exophthalmos in a Boer goat

CT appearance and measurements of the normal thyroid gland in goats

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