Anatomy of the posterior cruciate ligament and the meniscofemoral ligaments

Amis, Andrew A.; Gupte, Chinmay; Bull, Anthony M.J.; Edwards, Andrew M.

doi:10.1007/s00167-005-0686-x

Cited by 204 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this case, the final flexion/extension gap ratio is known before femoral resections are performed. Unfortunately, sacrificing the PCL prior to femoral resection is often time-consuming, as the tibial insertion extends approximately 2.5 cm distal to the joint line and on the femoral side >20 mm in the anterior-posterior direction across the roof and medial side of the femoral intercondylar notch [2,14]. Our study was designed to answer the following questions: Is the increase of the flexion/extension gap ratio after PCL release constant and therefore predictable?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the effect of a posterior cruciate ligament resection in total knee arthroplasty predictable?

Schnurr

Eysel

König

2011

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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Purpose It is broadly supposed that in total knee arthroplasty, the flexion/extension gap ratio is increased after resection of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). However, studies are rare and results are inconsistent. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine whether PCL release regularly increases the flexion gap. Methods Data from 50 consecutive posterior stabilised knee prostheses were analysed retrospectively. Using imageless computer navigation, the joint-gap width was measured over the entire range of motion before and after PCL release. Results PCL release had no effect on the extension gap, but it increased the flexion gap significantly. An increase of >3 mm occurred in 36% of patients and of >5 mm in 12%. No clinically relevant effect (<2 mm) was found in 44% of patients. Conclusion PCL release increased the flexion/extension gap ratio on average, but the individual effect could not be predicted. Therefore, we recommend PCL release before the femoral resections are performed, as this step mainly determines the ratio between extension and flexion gap.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the effect of a posterior cruciate ligament resection in total knee arthroplasty predictable?

Schnurr

Eysel

König

2011

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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“…Other studies have described PCL femoral and tibial insertions, their characteristics and those of their fascicles (Amis et al, 2006;Edwards et al;Takahashi et al, 2006;Mejía et al, 2002;Girgis et al, 1975;Morgan et al, 1995;Morgan et al, 1997). The published studies on PCL femoral insertion have focused on determining the center of the print left by the ligament.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its insertions cover a greater surface area compared to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) insertions (Amis et al, 2003;Kennedy et al, 1976;Marinozzi et al, 1983;Race & Amis, 1994). Those fascicles have multiple functions when the knee is in flexion or extension (Amis et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric Landmarks for Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Anatomical Position

Compeán-Martínez¹,

Morales-Ávalos²,

Vílchez-Cavazos³

et al. 2015

Int. J. Morphol.

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COMPEÁN-MARTÍNEZ, G. A.; MORALES-AVALOS, R.; VÍLCHEZ-CAVAZOS SUMMARY:To determine viable anatomical landmarks allowing for accurate femoral and tibial tunnel placement in anatomical position during posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction. Ten knees were dissected to analyze femoral and tibial PCL insertion measurements and the features specific to the PCL and its fascicles. The clock hands system was used to measure femoral insertions. The meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) were used as landmarks to measure tibial insertions. The PCL and its corresponding fascicle characteristics were determined by its femoral insertion, central portion and tibial insertion. The mean lengths between the central point of the PCL footprint and the articular cartilage border at 12:00 h were 17.23 mm (±3.94) and 17.73 mm (±4.11) for the right and left knees, respectively. The anterior-posterior mean lengths for the PCL were 11.94 mm (±5.08) between the posterior PCL border and the anterior PCL border. The mean lengths were 33.52 mm (±3.49) from the medial border of the lateral meniscus to the lateral PCL border and 32.24 mm (±2.28) from the medial border of the medial meniscus to the medial PCL border. From the anteroposterior viewpoint, the anterolateral fascicle is greater than the posteromedial one in its femoral and tibial insertions and in its central portion. A quantitative data collection summary was conducted with different PCL variables, along with its fascicles and their various femoral and tibial bony landmarks. Various measurements were obtained, indicating the high functionality shared by the PCL fascicles. Lengths reported for insertions are practical landmarks for the locations of femoral and tibial tunnels during posterior cruciate ligament plasty. We must take into account native PCL form to avoid oversizing the graft during reconstruction and to avoid a possible clamping of the graft with the surrounding structures.

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“…They both at tach dis tally to the pos te ri or horn of the la te ral me nis cus (LM). 1 The func ti on of the MFLs has be en re la ted to the sta bi lity and congru ency of pos te ri or horn of the LM. 2 Cli ni cal prob lems ca u sed by the MFL ha ve resul ted in ex ten si ve stu di es of this li ga ment.…”

Section: Morphologic Characteristics Of Meniscofemoral Ligamentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphologic Characteristics of Meniscofemoral Ligaments

Sözmen¹,

Yalın²,

Üzün³

et al. 2011

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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A AB BS S TTR RA AC CT T O Ob b j je ec c t ti i v ve e: : The aim of this study was to des cri be the pre sen ce, lengths, widths, at tach ment si tes, co ur se of the fi bers, his to lo gi cal pro per ti es and the sizes of the at tach ment si tes of the me nis co femo ral li ga ments to the la te ral me nis cus. M Ma a t te e r ri i a al l a an nd d M Me et t h ho od ds s: : Forty fresh fro zen kne es ob ta i ned from 22 hu man ca da vers we re exa mi ned. The kne e was dis sec ted by pos te ri or ap pro ach and the an te ri or and pos te ri or me nis co fe mo ral and pos te ri or cru ci a te li ga ments we re me a su red af ter exposing them. The secti ons of li ga ments we re sta i ned with the Ma son tric hro me stain and un der light mic ros co pe. R Re e s su ul lt ts s: : At le ast one of the me nis co fe mo ral li ga ments was pre sent in 37 (92.5%) ca ses. Twenty (50%) we re an te rior me nis co fe mo ral li ga ments and 24 (60%) were pos te ri or. In seven ca ses (17.5%) both an te ri or and poste ri or me nis co fe mo ral li ga ments we re pre sent. The ob li qu e fi bers of the pos te ri or cru ci a te li ga ment we re ob ser ved in 11 (27.5%) ca ses. A se pa ra ting mem bra ne bet we en the me nis co fe mo ral li ga ments and the pos te ri or cru ci a te li ga ment was ob ser ved. The me an lengths of the pos te ri or and an te ri or me nis co femo ral li ga ments we re 23.82 ± 1.51 mm and 21.55 ± 0.97 mm, res pec ti vely. The me an widths of the ante ri or and pos te ri or me nis co fe mo ral li ga ments we re 3.43 ± 0.57 mm and 4.09 ± 0.77 mm, res pec ti vely. The me an lengths of the at tach ment si tes of pos te ri or and an te ri or me nis co fe mo ral li ga ments to la te ral me nis cus we re 11.30 ± 1.85 mm and 6.19 ± 1.23 mm res pec ti vely and the me an widths we re 3.39 ± 0.92 mm and 4.88 ± 0.96 mm, res pec ti vely. C Co on nc c l lu u s si i o on n: : De ta ils con cer ning the di men si ons and his to lo gi cal pro per ti es of the me nis co fe mo ral li ga ments, the ir re la ti on to the pos te ri or cru ci a te li ga ment and la te ral me nis cus will con tri bu te to a cle ar un ders tan ding of the bi o mec ha nics of the kne e as well as the ra di olo gic di ag no sis and the tre at ment of kne e prob lems. K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Knee joint; menisci, tibial; posterior cruciate ligament Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Bu ça lış ma da, an te ri or ve pos te ri or me nis ko fe mo ral li ga ment le rin gö rül me sık lı ğı, uzunlu ğu, ge niş li ği, ya pış ma yer le ri, lif le ri nin yö nü, his to lo jik özel lik le ri ve la te ral me nis küs te ki ya pış ma yerle ri nin bo yut la rı nın in ce len me si amaç lan dı. G Ge e r re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön n t te em m l le er r: : Ta ze don du rul muş 22 adet in san ka dav ra sın dan el de edi len kırk adet diz in ce len di. Diz ler pos te ri or yak la şım la dis se ke edil di ve gö rü nür ha le ge ti ri len an te ri or ve pos te ri or me nis ko fe mo ral li ga ment ler ile pos te ri or çap raz bağ la rın öl çüm leri ya pıl dı. Ek ola rak, l...

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Anatomy of the posterior cruciate ligament and the meniscofemoral ligaments

Cited by 204 publications

References 22 publications

Is the effect of a posterior cruciate ligament resection in total knee arthroplasty predictable?

Is the effect of a posterior cruciate ligament resection in total knee arthroplasty predictable?

Anthropometric Landmarks for Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Anatomical Position

Morphologic Characteristics of Meniscofemoral Ligaments

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