2015
DOI: 10.1002/646.1
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Ancestral traits and specializations in the flowers of the basal grade of living angiosperms

Abstract: New morphological and phylogenetic data prompt us to present an updated review of floral morphology and its evolution in the basal ANITA grade of living angiosperms, Chloranthaceae, and Ceratophyllum. Floral phyllotaxis is complex whorled in Nymphaeales and spiral in Amborella and Austrobaileyales. It is unresolved whether phyllotaxis was ancestrally whorled or spiral, but if it was whorled, the whorls were trimerous. The flowers are probably ancestrally bisexual because in most families with unisexual flowers… Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
2
1

Citation Types

4
21
0

Year Published

2017
2017
2024
2024

Publication Types

Select...
5
2

Relationship

0
7

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 37 publications
(25 citation statements)
references
References 130 publications
4
21
0
Order By: Relevance
“…While abundant secretion was observed in the stigmas of A. triloba , the amount of starch grains was small and did not fluctuate relevantly throughout stigma development. Moreover, A. triloba shows a stigma and style with similar cytological features of unicellular papillae that form a continuous secretory surface in a carpel that is partially postgenitally sealed; this result is similar to what has been observed in species of Annona (Lora et al, 2010) and other basal angiosperms (Endress and Igersheim, 2000; Endress and Doyle, 2015). This type of angiospermy is common in Annonaceae and most basal angiosperms, with secretions sealing the carpels.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 83%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…While abundant secretion was observed in the stigmas of A. triloba , the amount of starch grains was small and did not fluctuate relevantly throughout stigma development. Moreover, A. triloba shows a stigma and style with similar cytological features of unicellular papillae that form a continuous secretory surface in a carpel that is partially postgenitally sealed; this result is similar to what has been observed in species of Annona (Lora et al, 2010) and other basal angiosperms (Endress and Igersheim, 2000; Endress and Doyle, 2015). This type of angiospermy is common in Annonaceae and most basal angiosperms, with secretions sealing the carpels.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 83%
“…The partial sealing of the carpels in early‐diverging angiosperms contrasts with the complete postgenital fusion that characterizes the carpels of evolutionarily derived flowering plant lineages (Endress and Igersheim, 2000). Along the sealing zone, there is a continuous secretory surface that supports pollen tube growth through a short style, which is also commonly found in other basal/early divergent angiosperms (Endress and Igersheim, 2000; Williams, 2008; Endress and Doyle, 2015).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…However, flowers are trimerous in Magnoliids and monocots but tetramerous or pentamerous in eudicots. Intermediate ascidiate carpels are predominantly present in Magnoliids, which differentiates them from other angiosperm lineages 17 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The often-conflicting evolutionary relationships also reflect the morphological complexities among monocots, eudicots, and Magnoliids. For example, the spiral floral phyllotaxis is present in Magnoliids and eudicots, but not in monocots; and Magnoliids and eudicots generally have carpels with one, two, or more ovules, while most monocots have more than two ovules 17 . However, flowers are trimerous in Magnoliids and monocots but tetramerous or pentamerous in eudicots.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A synthesis of reconstruction studies indicates that early angiosperms were probably rapidly growing shrubs, perhaps with some liana-like tendencies, that grew in shaded and disturbed environments such as the borders of rapidly flowing streams running through dense forest (Feild and Arens 2005). Their flowers were probably small (Endress 2001), bisexual (Sauquet et al 2017), protogynous, actinomorphic and contained an undifferentiated perianth of tepals (Endress and Doyle 2015). Both the perianth and androecium may have contained several subwhorls, each composed of three organs (Sauquet et al 2017).…”
Section: Ana-grade Angiosperms Provide Clues On the Morphological Ecological And Molecular Characteristics Of The First Flowering Plantsmentioning
confidence: 99%