Ancient and recent evidence of endemic fluorosis in the Naples area

Petrone, Pierpaolo; Guarino, Fabio Maria; Giustino, Stefano; Gombos, F

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2012.11.012

Cited by 30 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In this case, the animal would have suffered from severe fluorosis before it died. Fluoride can be found in the lithosphere and natural waters in varying concentrations, with high amounts being reported from sediments of marine origin in mountainous areas, volcanic rocks, and granitic and gneissic rocks [54,55]. With the exception of the large lakes in the East African Rift Valley system, high concentrations of F are usually associated with ground waters and not surface waters [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoridation of a lizard bone embedded in Dominican amber suggests open-system behavior

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vertebrate fossils embedded in amber represent a particularly valuable paleobiological record as amber is supposed to be a barrier to the environment, precluding significant alteration of the animals' body over geological time. The mode and processes of amber preservation are still under debate, and it is questionable to what extent original material may be preserved. Due to their high value, vertebrates in amber have never been examined with analytical methods, which means that the composition of bone tissue in amber is unknown. Here, we report our results of a study on a left forelimb from a fossil Anolis sp. indet. (Squamata) that was fully embedded in Miocene Dominican amber. Our results show a transformation of the bioapatite to fluorapatite associated with a severe alteration of the collagen phase and the formation of an unidentified carbonate. These findings argue for a poor survival potential of macromolecules in Dominican amber fossils. OPEN ACCESS Citation: Barthel HJ, Fougerouse D, Geisler T, Rust J (2020) Fluoridation of a lizard bone embedded in Dominican amber suggests open-system behavior. PLoS ONE 15(2): e0228843. https://doi.org/ 10.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoridation of a lizard bone embedded in Dominican amber suggests open-system behavior

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Excessive fluoride intake has attracted increasing attention because of its widely introduced sources and adverse effects on human health. Fluoride concentration in the groundwater could range from under 1 mg/L to more than 35 mg/L (Petrone et al, 2013). In addition, fluoride concentration in drinking tea (especially Chinese brick tea) ranges from 600-2,800 mg/kg (Fung et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 improves intestinal environment against fluoride-induced memory impairment in mice—a study based on the gut–brain axis hypothesis

Xin

Zeng

Wang

et al. 2020

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Excessive fluoride can lead to chronic neurodegeneration characterized by neuron and myelin loss and memory dysfunction. The gut–brain axis hypothesis suggests that gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating brain function. Thus, using probiotics to adjust the gut microenvironment may be a potential therapy for mental diseases. Methods Mice in the prob group were administrated with Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 for 28 days prior to and throughout a 70-day exposure to sodium fluoride. The drinking water of all groups (F and prob groups) except the control group were replaced by high-fluoride water (100 mg NaF/L) on day 28. Animals in each group were divided into two subsets: one underwent behavioral test, and the other was sacrificed for sampling. The mRNA expression level and protein content related to inflammatory reaction in the ileum and hippocampus were respectively detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression levels of proteins related to myelin structure, apoptosis, and memory in the hippocampus and tight junction proteins in the ileum were determined by RT-qPCR and/or immunohistochemistry. Gut permeability markers (D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO)) in the serum were also examined by ELISA. Results The results showed that fluoride exposure induced a lower spontaneous exploration (P < 0.05) in T-maze test, which indicated an impairment of memory. Spontaneous exploration of BS15-treated mice was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that in F group. Fluoride reduced (P < 0.05) levels of myelin structural protein (proteolipid protein) and neurogenesis-associated proteins (brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cAMP/Ca2+ responsive element-binding protein), induced disordered inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6; P < 0.05), increased pro-apoptotic genes (caspase-3; P < 0.05), and decreased anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl-2; P < 0.05) in the hippocampus, of which the influences were reversed by BS15. BS15 treatment exerted significant preventive effects on reversing the gut inflammation induced by excessive fluoride intake by reducing (P < 0.05) the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)) and remarkably increasing (P < 0.05) the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10). Moreover, the serum DAO activity and D-lactate concentration significantly increased by fluoride were also reduced (P < 0.05) by BS15. This result indicated the profitable effect of BS15 on gut permeability. Conclusion L. johnsonii BS15 intake could benefit the neuroinflammation and demyelination in the hippocampus by improving the gut environment and ameliorating fluorine-induced memory dysfunction.

show abstract

“…Fluoride is a widespread environmental pollution, and ground water is the major source of exposure in which the uoride concentration can be as high as 35 mg/L (Petrone, et al 2013). Fluorosis induced by geological origin is a serious public health concern in 28 nations particularly in India and China (Ra que, et al 015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on previous reports, uoride concentration in canned meat and brick tea is under 1 to more than 8.6 mg/kg (Fein, et al 2001) and 600-2800 mg/kg (Fung, et al 1999), respectively. Fluoride accumulation in our body can damage both bone (Petrone, et al 2013) and non-bone tissues (Yan, et al 2019;Qian, et al 2013), such as the liver, kidney, spleen, and brain. The neurotoxic effects of uorine must not be ignored because such effects can affect brain health in rodents at levels below those that induce dental lesions (Grandjean, et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Alleviate Fluoride-Induced Memory Impairment by Reconstructing Gut Microbiota in Mice

Xin

Wang

Sun

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundFluoride which is widespread in our environment and food due to geological origin and industrial pollution has been identified as developmental neurotoxicants. Gut-brain axis provide new sight to the brain-derived injury. We hypothesized that fluoride-induced memory impairment was associated with gut dysbiosis, which could be prevented by improving the gut microbiota. MethodsMice were given fluoridated drinking water (sodium fluoride, 100 mg/L) for 70 days and administered with PBS or a probiotic strain, Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 for 28 days prior to and throughout a 70 day exposure to sodium fluoride. ResultsResults showed that fluoride reduces the exploration ratio in Novel object recognition (NOR) test and the spontaneous exploration during the T-maze test in mice following an hour water avoidance stress (WAS), which were significantly improved by the probiotic. 16S rRNA sequencing showed a significant seperation in ileal microbiota between the fluoride-treated mice and control mice. Lactobacillus was the mainly targeting bacteria and significantly reduced in fluoride-treated mice. BS15 reconstructed the fluoride-post microbiota and increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. D-lactate contant and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, two biomarkers of the gut permeability were reduced in the serum of probiotic-inocluated mice. ZO-1, an intestinal tight junction protein, which was reduced by fluoride in mRNA and protein levels were increased by the probiotic treatment. Moreover, in the hippocampus which is essential to learning and memory, the probiotic increased the down-regulated mRNA levels of myelinassociated glycoprotein (MAG) level, Bcl-xl and decreaed up-regulated mRNA levels of Bad in fluoride-treated mice. The probiotic applied in this study also increased down-regulated mRNA and protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and balanced the inflammatory cytokines in mRNA and protein levels in hippocampus of fluoride-treated mice. ConclusionsThese results suggested that there may be some correlations between the fluoride-induced memory dysfunction and alteration of gut microbiota, and reconstruction of gut microbiota is a potential method to prevent the memory dysfunction.

show abstract

Ancient and recent evidence of endemic fluorosis in the Naples area

Cited by 30 publications

References 38 publications

Fluoridation of a lizard bone embedded in Dominican amber suggests open-system behavior

Fluoridation of a lizard bone embedded in Dominican amber suggests open-system behavior

Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 improves intestinal environment against fluoride-induced memory impairment in mice—a study based on the gut–brain axis hypothesis

Probiotic Alleviate Fluoride-Induced Memory Impairment by Reconstructing Gut Microbiota in Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About