Ancient orphan legume horse gram: a potential food and forage crop of future

Aditya, J. P.; Bhartiya, Anuradha; Chahota, Rakesh Kumar; Joshi, D. C.; Chandra, Nirmal; Kant, Lakshmi; Pattanayak, A.

doi:10.1007/s00425-019-03184-5

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Orphan crops offer greater nutritional value that could improve and diversify our diets (Hunter et al 2019 ). Some of them also have potential as functional foods and could capture new markets (Aditya et al 2019 ). One such orphan crop is the Chinese yam, Dioscorea polystachya Turcz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An underutilized orphan tuber crop—Chinese yam : a review

Epping¹,

Laibach

2020

Planta

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Main conclusion The diversification of food crops can improve our diets and address the effects of climate change, and in this context the orphan crop Chinese yam shows significant potential as a functional food. Abstract As the effects of climate change become increasingly visible even in temperate regions, there is an urgent need to diversify our crops in order to address hunger and malnutrition. This has led to the re-evaluation of neglected species such as Chinese yam (Dioscorea polystachya Turcz.), which has been cultivated for centuries in East Asia as a food crop and as a widely-used ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine. The tubers are rich in nutrients, but also contain bioactive metabolites such as resistant starches, steroidal sapogenins (like diosgenin), the storage protein dioscorin, and mucilage polysaccharides. These health-promoting products can help to prevent cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and disorders of the gut microbiome. Whereas most edible yams are tropical species, Chinese yam could be cultivated widely in Europe and other temperate regions to take advantage of its nutritional and bioactive properties. However, this is a laborious process and agronomic knowledge is fragmented. The underground tubers contain most of the starch, but are vulnerable to breaking and thus difficult to harvest. Breeding to improve tuber shape is complex given the dioecious nature of the species, the mostly vegetative reproduction via bulbils, and the presence of more than 100 chromosomes. Protocols have yet to be established for in vitro cultivation and genetic transformation, which limits the scope of research. This article summarizes the sparse research landscape and evaluates the nutritional and medical applications of Chinese yam. By highlighting the potential of Chinese yam tubers, we aim to encourage the adoption of this orphan crop as a novel functional food.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An underutilized orphan tuber crop—Chinese yam : a review

Epping¹,

Laibach

2020

Planta

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“…The area, production and productivity of horse gram are declining (Aditya et al, 2019). This decline is due to horse gram (i) is sown after northeast monsoon and largely depends on residual moisture, (ii) has fairly long duration (90-120 days), (iii) produce flowers till harvest because of indeterminate growth habit, and (iv) experience terminal drought.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma rays induced morphological, flowering and palynological modifications in horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum)

Singh¹,

Sudhagar²,

Vanniarajan³

et al. 2021

JEB

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Aim: The quest was framed to analyse the effect of high dose of gamma rays on morphological, flowering, and palynological traits in horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum). Methodology: Two horse gram varieties PAIYUR 2 and CRIDA 1-18 R were mutated using 32 mutagenic combinations. Sterile plants produced by gamma rays: 400 Gy were utilized to study the alterations in morphological, flowering characters in 20 randomly selected plants, and palynological traits using scanning electron microscope. Results: Gamma rays (GR):400 Gy produced sterile plants with altered ideotype and reproductive traits. It reduced expression of yield attributing traits, delayed first flowering, modified anther, and pollen size. The palynological changes included genotype dependant variation in pili number, size and exine ornamentation. Interpretation: High gamma ray dose is lethal to horse gram which was evidenced through grave modifications in morphological and palynological traits. These alterations resulted in sterility. Sterile plants tried to repair the irradiation induced damages and hence failed to perform routine reproductive functions.

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“…Horsegram, since time immemorial finds a part in Indian ayurvedic medicine which cures a variety of health issues starting from common cold to kidney stones (Prasad and Singh, 2015). The seeds provide cheap source of protein satisfying the nutritional requirements of developing nations (Aditya et al, 2019;Geetha et al, 2011). The crop is used as fodder source because of its enriched protein content in comparison with other legumes (Fuller and Murphy, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Studies on Mutagenic Effectiveness and Efficiency in Horsegram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam) Verdc.]

Priyanka

Sudhagar

Vanniarajan

et al. 2020

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Background: Two horsegram varieties viz., PAIYUR 2 and CRIDA1-18R were mutated with gamma rays (G), electron beam (EB), G+EB and G+EMS (ethyl methane sulphonate) to determine the mutagenic potency in breeding programme.Methods: Uniform seeds treated with different mutagenic doses were raised in randomized block design which constituted M1 generation. Each plant was harvested individually and forwarded to M2 generation following plant to progeny row method.Result: A dose dependant decline was observed for seed germination, plant survival, root length, shoot length, plant height, pollen fertility and seed fertility in M1 population. Wide spectrum of chlorophyll mutants was induced in M2 generation with maximum frequency at EB followed by combination treatments (G+EMS and G+EB) in both varieties. The mutagenic effectiveness ranged from 0.14 per cent to 1.45 per cent in PAIYUR 2 and 0.15 per cent to 1.71 per cent in CRIDA1-18R. The high mutation rate for effectiveness was exhibited by G and G+EB. With reference to sterility, EB was found to be efficient mutagen in both varieties whereas varied efficiency was noted for lethality (EB - PAIYUR 2; G+EMS - CRIDA1-18R) and injury (G - PAIYUR 2; G+EMS - CRIDA1-18R).

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Ancient orphan legume horse gram: a potential food and forage crop of future

Cited by 38 publications

References 75 publications

An underutilized orphan tuber crop—Chinese yam : a review

An underutilized orphan tuber crop—Chinese yam : a review

Gamma rays induced morphological, flowering and palynological modifications in horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum)

Comparative Studies on Mutagenic Effectiveness and Efficiency in Horsegram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam) Verdc.]

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