Ancillary Services performed by Distributed Generation in grid integration

Abstract

In this paper ancillary services performed by Distributed Generation (DG) sources connected to the grid are discussed. Wind energy is analyzed as case study of renewable DG source. Variable speed wind turbines are connected to the grid by power electronics converters, which are typically controlled in order to transfer to the grid the whole captured active power from the wind. Moreover a proper control of the power converters makes the DG able to perform some ancillary services. In this paper Point of Common Coupling (PCC) voltage amplitude regulation, reactive power compensation and active parallel filtering are analyzed. Converter sizing is discussed to be the limiting factor in performing the considered ancillary services.

Ancillary services provided by renewable energy sources

“…This document provides a uniform standard for interconnection of Distributed Generation to power grids. The requirement should be satisfied at the point of common coupling (PCC) - Figure Typical Ancillary Services that can be provided by Distributed Generation include: [16] • Voltage amplitude regulation. The main role is played by the grid side power electronic controller which can transfer the power captured by a wind turbine to distribution grid injecting active power and also reactive power needed for voltage compensation - Fig.…”

On the Assessment of Light Flicker due to the Interharmonic Distortion Produced by Wind Turbines

“…The VSI output filter parameters are R = 1mȍ, L = 5mH. The controlling signals are the output of PI currents controllers (see [13]). The VSI is controlled by means of a simplified model of the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) system.…”

“…PI controllers are used to track the reference currents. Here, both the cases of unitary power factor turbine operation and PCC voltage amplitude regulation are considered (see [13]). …”

Voltage change based fault location in distributed network considering distributed generations

“…For example, DG can satisfy the increasing load demand without too much transmission system expansion [2]. DG can also provide voltage regulation, reactive power compensation et al services to the utilities [3][4][5].…”