Andar como forma de ejercicio físico en la Fibromialgia: un estudio de identificación de creencias desde la Teoría de la Acción Planeada

Abstract

Título: Andar como forma de ejercicio físico en la Fibromialgia: un estudio de identificación de creencias desde la Teoría de la Acción Planeada. Resumen Este estudio corresponde a la primera fase de investigación formativa recomendada en la teoría de la Acción Planeada para desarrollar una intervención. Nuestros objetivos son identificar las creencias modales sobre la realización de una pauta de ejercicio en personas con fibromialgia, probar los ítems para la evaluación directa de los constructos predictivos y explorar sus relaciones con la conducta. Evaluamos a 46 mujeres con fibromialgia. El análisis de contenido mostró un mayor número de consecuencias positivas que negativas asociadas a la ejecución de la pauta de ejercicio (creencias comportamentales); la familia y los amigos son los referentes importantes (creencias normativas) y se detectaron factores facilitadores e inhibidores de la ejecución de la conducta de ejercicio, relacionados con aspectos de la fibromialgia (creencias de control) como el dolor, la fatiga y el estado de ánimo. El índice de consistencia interna más bajo fue el de la escala de norma subjetiva (α= .78). Los resultados confirman el sedentarismo de la muestra (conducta previa: Media=3.67; rango=1-7) aunque también sugieren que estas personas tienen intención de realizar la conducta (Media= 5.67). Las relaciones obtenidas entre los constructos son las esperadas desde la teoría, apoyando la pertinencia de aplicarla en la conducta y población seleccionada. Palabras clave: Andar; creencias; fibromialgia; teoría de la acción planeada; investigación formativa; estudio de identificación.Abstract: This study is the first phase of the formative research recommended in the Theory of Planned Behavior for the development of an intervention. Our aims are to identify modal beliefs about the performance of an exercise pattern in people with fibromyalgia, to test the items designed for direct evaluation of the predictive constructs and to explore their relationships with the behavior. We assessed 46 women with fibromyalgia. Content analysis showed more positive than negative consequences related to the performance of exercise guidelines (behavioral beliefs). Families and friends are the important referents (normative beliefs) and we identified facilitating and inhibiting factors in the performance of exercise behavior related to aspects of fibromyalgia (control beliefs) such as pain, fatigue and emotional state. The subjective norm scale showed the lowest internal consistency (α= .78). The results confirmed the sedentary lifestyle of the participants (previous behavior: Mean=3.67; rank=1-7) although they also suggested that participants intended to perform the behavior (Mean=5.67). The relationships between constructs are coherent with the theory, and support the relevance of applying it to the selected behavior and population.

Relationship of health locus of control with specific health behaviours and global health appraisal: a meta-analysis and effects of moderators

“…Measures assessing behaviour-specific control beliefs may offer a better alternative (Norman, 1995), although few such measures are currently available (e.g., Goldman, Greenbaum, & Darkes, 1997; Pastor et al, 2015). Further, owing to their highly behaviour-specific content, the few existing measures may be inappropriate for assessing other domains of health behaviour.…”

Goal Preferences, Affect, Activity Patterns and Health Outcomes in Women With Fibromyalgia

“…To achieve a better understanding of these behaviors and health outcomes in chronic pain, some authors have recommended the investigation of the role of motivational and affective factors from a self-regulation perspective (Vlaeyen and Morley, 2004, 2009; Van Damme and Kindermans, 2015). Research on this issue in fibromyalgia is scarce despite its relevance given the patients’ heterogeneity and high prevalence of both avoidance and persistence activity patterns (Van Koulil et al, 2008), the high disabling impact of the problem, the reported low rates of physical activity (McLoughlin et al, 2011; López-Roig et al, 2016), and the perceived difficulties in performing regular physical activity (Pastor et al, 2015; Peñacoba et al, 2017). Our study tested the Karsdorp and Vlaeyen (2011) affect-goals interaction hypothesis, but in a specific chronic pain sample consisting of women with fibromyalgia.…”

What determines young adults’ attitudes, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control towards healthy sleep behaviors? A reasoned action approach

“…This is not typically reported in the literature. For example, a number of belief-elicitation studies have been published on a variety of behaviors, such as stress management (Yzer & Gilasevitch, 2019), walking among women with fibromyalgia (Pastor et al, 2015), African American caregivers' decision to give sugary drinks to their preschoolers (Tipton, 2014), and Hispanic mothers' beliefs about having their daughters take the HPV vaccine (Roncancio, Ward, Carmack, Muñoz, & Cribbs, 2017). While all of these studies have value, they only present the results of what beliefs were elicited about the behavior, and not which beliefs would be best to use to promote behavior change.…”