Androgen production in women

Burger, Henry

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(02)02985-0

Cited by 635 publications

(412 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Under physiological conditions, serum concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and testosterone (T) have been found to steadily decline in women with age, which parallels the agerelated decline in reproductive ability [3,4]. However, the few studies conducted to date addressing the relationship between androgen and IVF outcomes have yielded conflicting results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low testosterone levels in women with diminished ovarian reserve impair embryo implantation rate: a retrospective case-control study

Lü

Shen

Yang

et al. 2014

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Objective To investigate the association of basal testosterone (T) levels with the outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Methods Complete clinical data on the first 223 IVF cycles in women with DOR were retrospectively analyzed. The associations of basal follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and T levels with ovarian response and IVF outcome were studied. Results Basal T levels were significantly different between pregnant and non-pregnant women. However, basal T levels showed no correlation with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation parameters after adjusting for age. The association of basal T levels with pregnancy rate was significant after adjusting for other impact factors. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the basal T level of 1.115 nmol/ L for predicting pregnancy outcome had a sensitivity of 82.80 % and specificity of 58.09 %. The women were divided into two groups based on this value; although the clinical characteristics and ovarian stimulation parameters were similar, the clinical pregnancy (16.18 % (11/68) vs. 40.15 % (53/ 132), respectively, p=0.000) and implantation rates (10.07 % (15/149) vs. 22.41 % (65/290), respectively, p=0.002) were significantly different in the low and high T level groups. Conclusion In women with DOR, the basal T level presented a positive association with pregnancy outcome in IVF. The poor reproductive outcome observed in women with lower basal T levels may be due to the decreased implantation rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low testosterone levels in women with diminished ovarian reserve impair embryo implantation rate: a retrospective case-control study

Lü

Shen

Yang

et al. 2014

J Assist Reprod Genet

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“…The effect of androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone mediated by androgen receptor (AR) that is a nuclear receptor [3]. Androgen receptor is widely expressed in female reproductive tissue such as endometrium [1] and binds to a steroid ligand and then is transferred into the nucleus, where it regulates the transcription of androgen-responsive genes [5]. The AR gene is located on the X chromosome between q11 and q12 loci and is composed of eight exons [2] that encode a 110-kd protein that contains an N-terminal transactivation domain, Capsule Our results indicated that the androgen receptor G1733A polymorphism is strongly associated with increased risk for RSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

StuI polymorphism on the androgen receptor gene is associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion

Jahaninejad

Ghasemi

Kalantar

et al. 2013

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose This is a case-control study to determine whether G1733A polymorphism of androgen receptor gene is associated with an increased risk for recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Method A total of 85 women with at least two recurrent spontaneous abortion before 20th week of gestation composed the study group. Subjects were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results The observed frequencies of GG, GA and AA genotypes of the G1733A polymorphism were 5.89 %, 82.35 % and 11.76 %, respectively, for the patient group and 71.76 %, 23.51 % and 4.71 %, respectively, for the control group. Allele frequencies of the G1733A polymorphism among patients and controls were 0.47 and 0.84, respectively, for the dominant allele (G) (wild type) and 0.53 and 0.16, respectively, for the A allele (mutant type). Conclusions These results indicated that the androgen receptor G1733A polymorphism is strongly associated with increased risk for RSA.Keywords Recurrent spontaneous abortion . Androgen receptor . Polymorphism . RFLP PCR Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a reproductive problem that occurs in women in reproductive age with a frequency of 1 %-3 % [20]. It is defined as two or more repeated pregnancy losses before the 20th week of gestation [14]. The risk of miscarriage is enhanced by a variety of factors including chromosomal abnormalities, uterine abnormalities, hereditary thrombophilia, endocrinologic disorders,-immunologic factors, infections, and nutritional and environmental factors [18,19]. In women with a history of recurrent miscarriage, the risk of miscarriage in a subsequent pregnancy is about 40 % to 50 %. It has a major influence on the wellbeing and psychological status of patients, therefore improved diagnosis and development of treatment strategies is essential [6,16,23]. In the past years, research interest has been focused on the association studies between different genetic polymorphisms and recurrent spontaneous abortion.Androgens are lipophilic hormones with several physiological effects in both sexes [17]. Androgen signaling in female is very important for the differentiation of human endometrial stromal cells into decidual cell; a process is called decidualization that critically controls embryo implantation and placentation [11]. The effect of androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone mediated by androgen receptor (AR) that is a nuclear receptor [3]. Androgen receptor is widely expressed in female reproductive tissue such as endometrium [1] and binds to a steroid ligand and then is transferred into the nucleus, where it regulates the transcription of androgen-responsive genes [5]. The AR gene is located on the X chromosome between q11 and q12 loci and is composed of eight exons [2] that encode a 110-kd protein that contains an N-terminal transactivation domain, Capsule Our results indicated that the androgen receptor G1733A polymorphism is strongly associated with increased risk for RSA.T. Jahaninejad (*) :

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“…In women, androgens are mainly synthesized in the adrenal glands, the ovaries, and adipose tissue, and they have an important physiological significance for bone and muscle growth and maintenance as well as cognitive function [1,5]. There is a growing body of evidence supporting the notion that androgens influence proliferation of the normal ovarian epithelium and are a risk factor for EOC [6].…”

Section: Epidemiological Data On Androgens and The Risk For Eocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the Role of Antiandrogen Strategies in Ovarian Cancer

et al. 2011

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After completing this course, the reader will be able to:1. Explain the role of the androgen axis in the development of ovarian cancer.2. Discuss the potential compounds with anti-androgen activity that can be assessed for the treatment of patients with ovarian cancer.This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com. CME CME ABSTRACTAndrogen receptors are frequently expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Their role in the development of EOC is not fully understood. In the present review we first discuss the epidemiological data linking a hyperandrogen state to a higher risk for ovarian cancer, second describe in vitro studies of the role of androgens in influencing the growth of EOC, and finally review the completed clinical trials with compounds that exploit the androgen axis in patients with ovarian cancer. The therapeutic approaches that inhibit androgen signaling have so far produced only modest response rates. In the light of new data regarding the role of androgen stimulation in the evolution of EOC and the emergence of new compounds used for the treatment of other hormone-driven malignancies, such as prostate and breast cancer, we provide suggestions for new studies of antiandrogen therapeutics in the treatment of EOC. A specific example is the new agent abiraterone. In addition, we propose a panel of molecules that could be assessed as potential biomarkers that may aid patient selection for this approach in the future. The Oncologist

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Androgen production in women

Cited by 635 publications

References 11 publications

Low testosterone levels in women with diminished ovarian reserve impair embryo implantation rate: a retrospective case-control study

Low testosterone levels in women with diminished ovarian reserve impair embryo implantation rate: a retrospective case-control study

StuI polymorphism on the androgen receptor gene is associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion

Revisiting the Role of Antiandrogen Strategies in Ovarian Cancer

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