Androgenic status in patients with lepromatous leprosy

Saporta, L; Yüksel, Arif

doi:10.1111/j.1464-410x.1994.tb16590.x

Cited by 32 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Hormonal and nutritional factors appear to have an influence. 6,7 However, a recent study of nearly 2,000 patients could not detect the influence of nutritional status and menstrual cycle on the development of reactions. 5 In addition, this study showed that reactions are not necessarily the result of treatment and they also affect children, although increasing age was a risk factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Type 2, But Not Type 1, Leprosy Reactions is Associated with a Severe Reduction of Circulating and In situ Regulatory T-Cells

Vieira¹,

Trindade²,

Pagliari³

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Leprosy is frequently complicated by the appearance of reactions that are difficult to treat and are the main cause of sequelae. We speculated that disturbances in regulatory T-cells (Tregs) could play a role in leprosy reactions. We determined the frequency of circulating Tregs in patients with type 1 reaction (T1R) and type 2 reaction (T2R). The in situ frequency of Tregs and interleukin (IL)-17, IL-6, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF)-β-expressing cells was also determined. T2R patients showed markedly lower number of circulating and in situ Tregs than T1R patients and controls. This decrease was paralleled by increased in situ IL-17 expression but decreased TGF-β expression. Biopsies from T1R and T2R patients before the reaction episodes showed similar number of forkhead box protein P3 + (FoxP3+) and IL-17+ cells. However, in biopsies taken during the reaction, T2R patients showed a decrease in Tregs and increase in IL-17+ cells, whereas T1R patients showed the opposite: Tregs increased but IL-17+ cells decreased. We also found decreased expansion of Tregs upon in vitro stimulation with Mycobacterium leprae and a trend for lower expression of FoxP3 and the immunosuppressive molecule cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) in T2R Tregs. Our results provide some evidence to the hypothesis that, in T2R, downmodulation of Tregs may favor the development of T-helper-17 responses that characterize this reaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Type 2, But Not Type 1, Leprosy Reactions is Associated with a Severe Reduction of Circulating and In situ Regulatory T-Cells

Vieira¹,

Trindade²,

Pagliari³

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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show abstract

“…The hypogonadism is due to insufficient release of gonadotropin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus [16]. The KAL-1 gene structure for X-linked Kallmann syndrome revealed the presence of 14 exons spanning approximately 210kb on Xp22.3 and shown to encode a protein sharing homology with molecules involved in neuronal migration and axonal pathfinding [17,18]. Kallmann syndrome rarely occurs as the result of a deletion involving only the KAL-1 gene [19,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Frequency and Types of Chromosomal Aberrations in the Patients with Hypogonadism

2015

Human Genet Embryol

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Objectives: Hypogonadism is the clinical manifestation of the impaired function of the testes and the ovaries, and is either due to endocrinological problems or chromosomal abnornlalities (CA). Chromosomal analysis is one important piece in the hypogonadism individuals, and becomes essential from the clinical point of view. Design:To determine the frequency, types of CAs in a hypogonadism population. Materials and method:The current study was a retrospective analysis to examine the CAs and prevalence in 64 cases with unexplained hypogonadism problem. The samples were cultured routinely for the karyotype analysis using G banding. Results:A total of 64 individuals with infertility was analysed. The karyotype results were normal in 52 (81.2%) of 64 individuals. However, CAs were detected in 12 (18.8%) of all individuals. The 15.6% of these CAs was numerical aberrations, and also structural CA was 3.1%. Specifically, Klinefelter syndrome (KS) was the most common karyotype (14.1%,9 cases) among the all cases, followed by 46,XX,anoploidy; 46,Xi(Xq) and 46,XY,robt(14;15). Conclusion:We found a high rate CAs (18.8%) in patients with hypogonadism. Therefore, cytogenetic analysis can be strongly recommended in hypogonadism individuals, and should be performed routinely in both the male and female with hypogonadism.

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“…The hormone profile of the male gonadal axis in leprosy has been extensively studied, showing low basal levels of testosterone and high basal LH and FSH levels secondary to the loss of testosterone-induced negative feedback in 30-80% of LL patients investigated (Ree et al 1981, Rea 1988, Levis et al 1989, Saporta & Yuksel 1994. The data regarding plasma prolactin levels in leprosy are controversial (Rolston et al 1981, Kannan & Vijaya 1984, Saporta & Yuksel 1994, Leal et al 2006) and the high prolactin levels observed have been attributed to estrogen stimulation (Kannan & Vijaya 1984).…”

Section: Endocrine Axis In Leprosy -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data regarding plasma prolactin levels in leprosy are controversial (Rolston et al 1981, Kannan & Vijaya 1984, Saporta & Yuksel 1994, Leal et al 2006) and the high prolactin levels observed have been attributed to estrogen stimulation (Kannan & Vijaya 1984). High plasma estrogen levels were demonstrated in LL patients and were attributed to the peripheral conversion of androgens and to impaired hepatic metabolism (Shilo et al 1981, Kannan & Vijaya 1984, Garg et al 1989, Saporta & Yuksel 1994.…”

Section: Endocrine Axis In Leprosy -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gynecomastia is the most obvious clinical manifestation of hormone dysfunction in leprosy, reported in up to 85% of LL cases (Baptista 1937, Grabstald & Swan 1952, Shilo et al 1981, Abraham et al 1990, Saporta & Yuksel 1994) and has been attributed to the hormonal imbalance between estrogen and testosterone (Leal & Foss 2009). …”

Section: Endocrine Axis In Leprosy -mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Leprosy, a neglected disease that causes a wide variety of clinical conditions in tropical countries

Foss

Motta

2012

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Androgenic status in patients with lepromatous leprosy

Abstract: Whenever leprosy is diagnosed patients should be informed of the need for treatment of an acute attack and the need for routine assessment of FSH, LH, testosterone and oestradiol levels to detect hypogonadism and potential infertility.

Cited by 32 publications

References 9 publications

Development of Type 2, But Not Type 1, Leprosy Reactions is Associated with a Severe Reduction of Circulating and In situ Regulatory T-Cells

Development of Type 2, But Not Type 1, Leprosy Reactions is Associated with a Severe Reduction of Circulating and In situ Regulatory T-Cells

The Frequency and Types of Chromosomal Aberrations in the Patients with Hypogonadism

Leprosy, a neglected disease that causes a wide variety of clinical conditions in tropical countries

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