Anemia and its mechanism in goldfish Carassius auratus infected with Trypanosoma danilewskyi

Islam, Aminul; Woo, P. T. K.

doi:10.3354/dao011037

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Anaemia in goldfish infected with Trypanosoma danilewskyi is partly caused by haemolysis and haemodilution (Islam & Woo 1991), similar to that in salmonid cryptobiosis (Thomas & Woo 1988) : 41-45, 2001 were also lesions and changes in the haematopoietic tissues in cryptobiosis in rainbow trout (present study). During acute cryptobiosis haematopoietic lobules were depleted in the kidney and spleen, and these were replaced with necrotic and inflammatory cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Catfish with systemic amoebiosis also had proliferative lesions in the gills and vascular damage and thrombosis (Nash et al 1988). Hyperplasia and eosinophilic cells in the gills were also seen in sea bass infected with monogeneans (Gonzalez-Lanza et al 1991).Anaemia in goldfish infected with Trypanosoma danilewskyi is partly caused by haemolysis and haemodilution (Islam & Woo 1991), similar to that in salmonid cryptobiosis (Thomas & Woo 1988) : 41-45, 2001 were also lesions and changes in the haematopoietic tissues in cryptobiosis in rainbow trout (present study). During acute cryptobiosis haematopoietic lobules were depleted in the kidney and spleen, and these were replaced with necrotic and inflammatory cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Relations between histopathology and parasitaemias in Oncorhynchus mykiss infected with Cryptobia salmositica, a pathogenic haemoflagellate

Bahmanrokh

Woo

2001

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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One group (n = 50) of juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss was inoculated intraperitoneally with 2000 (low dose [LD]) and another group (n = 50) with 20 000 (high dose [HD]) Cryptobia salmositica fish -1 . The histopathology was a generalised inflammatory reaction, and lesions were in connective tissues and in the reticulo-endothelial system. In the LD group, the first lesions were observed in the liver, gills and spleen at 2 wk post infection (pi) while in the HD group they were in the liver and gills at 1 wk pi. Endovasculitis and mononuclear cell infiltration were observed at 3 wk pi in the HD group. These were followed by tissue necrosis and extravascular infiltration of parasites at 4 wk pi. The severity of lesions was directly related to parasitaemias in the blood and extravascular location of parasites. In the HD group, the most extensive tissue necrosis was at 4 wk pi and in the LD group it was 6 to 7 wk pi. Necrosis in the vital organs (liver, kidney and depletion of the haematopoeitic tissues) and anaemia were probably in part responsible for mortality of fish during acute disease. Regeneration and replacement of necrotic tissues were seen at 7 to 9 wk pi in the HD group, and it was most noticeable in haematopoietic and reticular tissues. These occurred during the recovery phase of the disease and were associated with significant reduction in blood parasitaemia. KEY WORDS: Cryptobia salmositica · Oncorhynchus mykiss · Histopathology · Parasitaemias Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 46: [41][42][43][44][45] 2001 MATERIALS AND METHODSTwo groups (n = 50 in each group) of hatchery-raised juvenile rainbow trout (about 6 to 8 cm in length) were maintained in 2 fibre glass tanks at about 8°C for 2 wk before they were experimentally infected with Cryptobia salmositica. The inocula were prepared with blood from an infected rainbow trout and diluted with appropriate volumes of PBS (pH 7.4). The low dose (LD) group was inoculated intraperitoneally (ip) with 2000 parasites fish -1 and the high dose (HD) group with 20 000 parasites fish -1 . At weekly intervals, 4 fish from each group were anesthetised with MS-222 (100 ppm), bled and necropsied. In the first week after infection the parasitaemias in the blood were detected using the haematocrit centrifuge technique and wet mount method (24 microscopic fields examined, 10× objective). In subsequent weeks, the haemocytometer was used to estimate parasitaemias (Woo 1979). For histopathology, samples of visceral organs, skin, eye, brain and gills were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, sectioned into 4 µm thick pieces, and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Smears of ascites fluid or blood were air dried, fixed in 100% Ethanol and stained with Giemsa's stain. A third group of uninfected fish (controls) was also sampled. RESULTS LD groupThe haematocrit centrifuge technique detected parasites in the blood of all fish at 1 wk post infection (pi).The parasitaemia increased rapidly, p...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relations between histopathology and parasitaemias in Oncorhynchus mykiss infected with Cryptobia salmositica, a pathogenic haemoflagellate

Bahmanrokh

Woo

2001

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…In severe cases of infections, the leeches can cause anemia and even death of the host (ISLAM & WOO, 1991;WOO, 1995;THATCHER, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the status of the host immune system is an important factor (ISLAM & WOO, 1991;WOO, 1995;OVERATH et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosomatids (Protozoa: Kinetoplastida) in three species of Armored Catfish from Mogi-Guaçu river, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil

Molina

Madi

Solferini

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Trypanosome infections have been reported in several species of fish, in majority of cases described on the basis of morphological characteristics. Trypanosomes in fish are heteroxenous and transmitted by hirudineans. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and density of infections by Trypanosoma sp. in blood from three species of catfish, Hypostomus regani, H. strigaticeps, H. albopunctatus, from the Mogi Guaçu River, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil. Further, this study intends to characterize the Trypanosoma specimens found in the blood of these fish by morphological and molecular techniques. The trypanosomes overall prevalence observed was 47.6% with a general average density of 0.75 parasites/µl of blood. Hypostomus regani and Hypostomus strigaticeps showed a significant difference in prevalence. The average densities of parasites were not significantly different among the three fish species. Similar findings were observed for the monthly variations in densities. The parasites found in the three species of catfish studied showed similar morphological characteristics. The morphological data and the statistical analyses used in this study didn't show the formation of groups. The analyses provided evidence of the presence of pleomorphisms in the trypanosomes found in the three studied fish.Keywords: Trypanosoma, fish, Hypostomus, catfish, protozoa. ResumoInfecções por tripanossomas foram descritas em diversas espécies de peixes, sendo a maioria das descrições baseada nas características morfológicas. Tripanossomas de peixes são heteroxenos e transmitidos por hirudíneos. Este estudo tem como objetivo a avaliação da prevalência e densidade da infecção por Trypanosoma sp. no sangue de três espécies de cascudos, Hypostomus regani, H.strigaticeps, H.albopunctatus, do Rio Mogi-Guaçu, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brasil. Além disso, pretende-se a caracterização das espécies de Trypanosoma encontradas no sangue desses peixes, por meio da utilização de técnicas morfólogicas e moleculares. A prevalência total de tripanossomas foi de 47,6%, e a densidade média foi de 0,75 parasitas/ µl de sangue. Hypostomus regani e Hypostomus strigaticeps apresentaram diferenças significativas em prevalência. As médias das densidades dos parasitas não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre as três espécies de peixes estudadas. O mesmo foi observado com a variação mensal das densidades. Os parasitas encontrados nas três espécies de cascudo possuíam características morfológicas semelhantes. As análises morfológicas e estatísticas obtidas neste estudo não mostraram a formação de grupos. As análises evidenciaram a presença de pleomorfismo dos tripanossomas encontrados nas três espécies de peixes estudados.

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Trypanosoma carassii infection in goldfish (Carassius auratus L.): changes in the expression of erythropoiesis and anemia regulatory genes

2019

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Anemia and its mechanism in goldfish Carassius auratus infected with Trypanosoma danilewskyi

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Relations between histopathology and parasitaemias in Oncorhynchus mykiss infected with Cryptobia salmositica, a pathogenic haemoflagellate

Relations between histopathology and parasitaemias in Oncorhynchus mykiss infected with Cryptobia salmositica, a pathogenic haemoflagellate

Trypanosomatids (Protozoa: Kinetoplastida) in three species of Armored Catfish from Mogi-Guaçu river, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil

Trypanosoma carassii infection in goldfish (Carassius auratus L.): changes in the expression of erythropoiesis and anemia regulatory genes

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