“…As anemia and chronic renal disease are common and important prognostic indicators for older adults, serum hemoglobin level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; estimated by Modified Diet for Renal Disease equation adjusted for the Chinese population) were also recorded. [15][16][17][18][19] Functional status was assessed using the functional independence measure, which is a valid and reliable method of measuring functional ability in older adults. [20][21][22] The functional independence measure has a total of 18 items divided into six major subgroups: self-care ability (eating, grooming, bathing, dressing upper body, dressing lower body, toileting), sphincter control (bladder control and bowel control), transfer (bed/chair transfer, toilet transfer, bathtub transfer), locomotion (walking on level ground, stair use), communication (comprehension and expression) and social/cognition (social interaction, problem-solving, memory).…”