Anemia prevalence, severity and associated factors among children aged 6–71 months in rural Hunan Province, China: a community-based cross-sectional study

Li, Huixia; Liao, Minghui; Huang, Guangwen; Zheng, Jianfei; Wang, Hua; Huang, Qun; Wang, Aihua

doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09129-y

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In this study, the prevalence of anemia among children aged 6-59 months in Ethiopia was 57.56% (95%CI: 56.50%, 58.61%) ranged from 42.66% in the Amhara region to 83.24% in the Somali region. This was higher than a study reported in Ghana [41] and China [42]. Even though the combined strategies particularly iron supplementation and infectious disease management (such as malaria and helminths infections) are being introduced by the WHO to combat anemia, anemia remains a serious health care problem in Ethiopia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Geographic weighted regression analysis of hot spots of anemia and its associated factors among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia: A geographic weighted regression analysis and multilevel robust Poisson regression analysis

et al. 2021

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Introduction Anemia among children aged 6–59 months remains a major public health problem in low-and high-income countries including Ethiopia. Anemia is associated with significant consequences on the health of children such as under-five morbidity and mortality, increased risk of infection, and poor academic performance. The prevalence of anemia in Ethiopia has varied across areas. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the geographic weighted regression analysis of anemia and its associated factors among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia. Methods This study was based on the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data. A total weighted sample of 8482 children aged 6–59 months was included. For the spatial analysis, Arc-GIS version 10.7 and SaTScan version 9.6 statistical software were used. Spatial regression was done to identify factors associated with the hotspots of anemia and model comparison was based on adjusted R2 and Corrected Akaike Information Criteria (AICc). For the associated factors, the multilevel robust Poisson regression was fitted since the prevalence of anemia was greater than 10%. Variables with a p-value < 0.2 in the bi-variable analysis were considered for the multivariable analysis. In the multivariable multilevel robust Poisson regression analysis, the adjusted prevalence ratio with the 95% confidence interval was reported to declare the statistical significance and strength of association. Results The prevalence of anemia among children aged 6–59 months was 57.56% (95%CI: 56.50%, 58.61%) with significant spatial variation across regions in Ethiopia. The significant hot spot areas of anemia among children aged 6–59 months were detected in the central, west, and east Afar, Somali, Dire Dawa, Harari, and northwest Gambella regions. Mothers who had anemia, a child aged 23–59 months, mothers aged 15–19 years, and coming from a household with a poorer or poorest household were significant predictors of the spatial variations of anemia among children aged 6–59 months. In the multilevel robust Poisson analysis, born to mothers aged 30–39 (APR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.92) and 40–49 years (APR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.83), mothers who didn’t have formal education (APR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.20), Children in the poorest household wealth index (APR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.29), being 4–6 (APR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.13) and above 6 order of birth (APR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.23), children born to anemic mothers (APR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.29), children aged 24–59 months (APR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.73), stunted children (APR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.13) and underweight children (APR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.13) were significantly associated with anemia among children aged 6–59 months. Conclusion and recommendation Anemia is still a public health problem for children in Ethiopia. Residing in a geographic area where a high proportion of children born to mothers aged 15–19 years, a child aged 6–23 months, coming from a household with poorer or poorest wealth index, and mothers with anemia increased the risk of experiencing anemia among children aged 6–59 months. Maternal education, maternal age, child age, household wealth, stunting, underweight, birth order, and maternal anemia were significant predictors of anemia among children. The detailed map of anemia hot spots among children aged 6–59 months and its predictors could assist program planners and decision-makers to design targeted public health interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Geographic weighted regression analysis of hot spots of anemia and its associated factors among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia: A geographic weighted regression analysis and multilevel robust Poisson regression analysis

et al. 2021

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“…In women, loss of iron from the body mostly happens through sloughing of duodenal enterocytes and through menstrual and postpartum blood loss that deprive the circulatory pool of iron that is available for its utilization in target organs resulting in the state of functional iron deficiency, which is measured in the form of hemoglobin (iron is the main ingredient of hemoglobin) [33]. Low red blood cell indices are considered sensitive indicators of decreased iron availability for hematopoietic tissues [34]. A decrease in Hb, MCV, and MCH reflects iron-restricted erythropoiesis in the bone marrow, which reflects a typical IDA presentation [31].…”

Section: Biomed Research Internationalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women of Reproductive Age in Urban Areas of Quetta District, Pakistan

Qadir

Rashid

Mengal

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Anemia is associated with poor health outcomes, and the prevalence of anemia is a significant public health indicator for both developed and developing countries. Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia, which often develops during pregnancy. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban areas of Quetta city among the women of reproductive age (15-49 years) to update the status of IDA in the region. The study participants ( n = 216 ) were selected on a random basis, and the samples were further distributed by age. Overall, 75% of females were nonanemic, and among those that were anemic, 2% were severe, 13% were moderately, and 10% were mildly anemic. Among the IDA-affected women, 83% were non-pregnant. Age-wise distribution of IDA revealed no significant difference among different age groups, but numerically higher observations were recorded in the age groups of less than 30 years. The highest number of moderately IDA-affected women (15%) were in the age group 15-19 with the following IDA indicating parameters: hemoglobin 9.64 g/dl, mean corpuscular volume 63.11 fl, mean corpuscular hemoglobin 20.40%, red cell distribution 19.28%. This study will be beneficial for illustrating the requirement and the development of a program to raise extended awareness in the Quetta communities to overcome the negative health effects of IDA on the female population.

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“…However, the present study found that iron-deficiency anemia accounted for only 27.33% of anemia in this area. The lower proportion of iron-deficiency anemia may be related to the implementation of a government strategy for its prevention and treatment [26,27]. Nutritional supplementation can effectively reduce the risk of anemia in children [28][29][30].…”

Section: Association Of Anemia and Neurobehavioral Development Of Children Aged 6-24 Monthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Iron-Deficiency Anemia and Non-Iron-Deficiency Anemia with Neurobehavioral Development in Children Aged 6–24 Months

Zheng

Liu²,

Yang

2021

Nutrients

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(1) Background: Anemia has comprehensive adverse effects on the growth and development of children. In this study, we analyzed the potential effects of different types of anemia on early-life neurobehavioral development. (2) Methods: A total of 2601 children aged 6–24 months, whose parents agreed to participate in this study, underwent routine blood tests and neurobehavioral development assessment. The children’s parents or other primary caregivers were interviewed with a face-to-face questionnaire at the time of enrollment in the study. Anemia was determined by hemoglobin < 110 g/L and classified into iron-deficiency and non-iron-deficiency anemia according to the levels of serum ferritin, C-reactive protein, and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. Neurobehavioral development was assessed by the China Developmental Scale for Children and divided into five domains: gross motor, fine movement, adaptability, language, and social behavior. The development quotient (DQ) was used to measure the level of total neurobehavioral development and each domain of neurobehavioral development. (3) Results: The prevalence of anemia in children aged 6–24 months was 26.45%, of which iron-deficiency anemia only accounted for 27.33%. Compared with children without anemia, those with iron-deficiency anemia had a significantly lower developmental quotient (DQ) for total neurobehavioral development and gross motor and adaptability development. The partial regression coefficients were −1.33 (95% CI −2.36, −0.29; p = 0.012), −1.88 (95% CI −3.74, −0.03; p = 0.047), and 1.48 (95% CI −2.92, −0.05; p = 0.042), respectively. Children with non-iron-deficiency anemia had significantly lower DQ for total neurobehavioral development and gross motor and fine movement development than those without anemia. The partial regression coefficients were −0.94 (95% CI −1.64, −0.25; p = 0.008), −1.25 (95% CI −2.48, −0.03; p = 0.044), and −1.18 (95% CI −2.15, −0.21; p = 0.017), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in total neurobehavioral development and the five domains of neurobehavioral development between children with non-iron-deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia. The partial β values were 0.40 (95% CI −1.53, 2.33; p = 0.684), 0.21 (95% CI −1.39, 1.81; p = 0.795), 0.63 (95% CI −1.03, 2.28; p = 0.457), 0.16 (95% CI −1.78, 2.10; p = 0.871), 0.35 (95% CI −1.32, 2.01; p = 0.684), and 0.34 (95% CI −0.77, 1.46; p = 0.545), respectively. (4) Conclusions: Both iron-deficiency anemia and non-iron-deficiency anemia were negatively correlated with the neurobehavioral development of children. Negative correlations were found between iron-deficiency anemia and gross motor and adaptability development and between non-iron-deficiency anemia and gross motor and fine movement development.

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Anemia prevalence, severity and associated factors among children aged 6–71 months in rural Hunan Province, China: a community-based cross-sectional study

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

Geographic weighted regression analysis of hot spots of anemia and its associated factors among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia: A geographic weighted regression analysis and multilevel robust Poisson regression analysis

Geographic weighted regression analysis of hot spots of anemia and its associated factors among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia: A geographic weighted regression analysis and multilevel robust Poisson regression analysis

Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women of Reproductive Age in Urban Areas of Quetta District, Pakistan

Association of Iron-Deficiency Anemia and Non-Iron-Deficiency Anemia with Neurobehavioral Development in Children Aged 6–24 Months

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