“…Keown et al reported their experience with the anesthetic management of patients undergoing mitral commissurotomy with hypothermia and recommended intraoperative electrocardiographic monitoring because of tachyarrhythmias that often led to pulmonary edema. 2 Keown then went on to publish one of the first textbooks on Cardiac Anesthesia in 1956. Other major textbooks have been written over time, including Kaplan's Cardiac Anesthesia textbook with 7 editions published as of 2017.…”