Anesthetic Effect of a Combination of Medetomidine-Midazolam-Butorphanol in Cynomolgus Monkeys (<i>Macaca fascicularis</i>)

Abstract

The anesthetic effect of a combination of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol (Me-Mi-Bu) was evaluated in healthy cynomolgus monkeys. The Me-Mi-Bu combination was intramuscularly administered as follows: Dose 1, Me 0.015 mg/kg-Mi 0.1 mg/kg-Bu 0.15 mg/kg; Dose 2, Me 0.02 mg/kg-Mi 0.15 mg/kg-Bu 0.2 mg/kg; and Dose 3, Me 0.04 mg/kg-Mi 0.3 mg/kg-Bu 0.4 mg/kg. The combination rapidly induced immobilization, and lateral recumbency was reached within 15 min. The duration of anesthesia for each dose administered was follows: Dose 1, 47 ± 27 min; Dose 2, 113 ± 31 min; and Dose 3, 190 ± 24 min. The anesthetic effect of the combination was abolished by the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole. No marked changes in the levels of hematologic or serum biochemical parameters were noted in cynomolgus monkeys administered the combination plus atipamezole. Taken together, these results suggest that the Me-Mi-Bu combination exhibits reversible anesthetic effect and may be useful for studies involving cynomolgus monkeys.

Effects of an anesthetic mixture of medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol in rats—strain difference and antagonism by atipamezole

“…An anesthetic mixture of MED, MID, and BUT for laboratory mice has been recently introduced [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Originally, this mixture was used as anesthesia for dogs [ 10 , 20 , 24 ], monkeys [ 12 , 17 ], and African lions in a zoo [ 25 ]. Kawai et al reported that it produced an anesthetic duration of around 40 min in ICR mice [ 13 ].…”

Anesthetic effects of a three-drugs mixture —comparison of administrative routes and antagonistic effects of atipamezole in mice—

“…The anesthetic mixture of MED, MID and BUT for mice has been introduced recently [ 13 ]. Originally this mixture has been used as anesthesia for dogs [ 11 , 16 , 18 ], monkeys [ 12 , 15 ] and African lions in a zoo [ 19 ]. This anesthetic mixture was reported to produce anesthetic duration of around 40 min in ICR mice [ 13 ].…”

Anesthetic effects of a combination of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol on the production of offspring in Japanese field vole, <i>Microtus montebelli</i>

“…In recent studies, a combination anesthetic composed of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol (M/M/B) has been used in animal experiments involving mice and rats [ 11 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]; this anesthetic has also been used in dogs, monkeys, sea lions, red foxes, ibexes and African lions [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 18 , 22 , 25 , 33 ]. Many reports indicate that M/M/B is relatively safe and reliable.…”