Anestrus in Cattle and Buffalo: Indian Perspective

Kumar, Pankaj; Singh, Sarita; Kharche, S. D.; Govindaraju, C.; Behera, B. K.; Shukla, Shivoham; Kumar, Harendra; Agarwal, Sudhir K.

doi:10.14737/journal.aavs/2014/2.3.124.138

Cited by 56 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Energy balance is directly related to reproductive performance, such as ovulation and conception rates (Butler & Smith, ). The most common reasons for dairy cattle to be non‐pregnant after 100 days post‐partum in India are either due to failure to detect oestrus or pathophysiological syndromes, such as post‐partum anestrus and repeat breeder (Kumar et al., ; Selvaraju et al., ). Both of these hormonal disorders are linked to poor body energy reserves (Montiel & Ahuja, ; Selvaraju et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foot‐and‐mouth disease virus transmission dynamics and persistence in a herd of vaccinated dairy cattle in India

Hayer

VanderWaal

Ranjan

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an important transboundary disease with substantial economic impacts. Although between-herd transmission of the disease has been well studied, studies focusing on within-herd transmission using farm-level outbreak data are rare. The aim of this study was to estimate parameters associated with within-herd transmission, host physiological factors and FMD virus (FMDV) persistence using data collected from an outbreak that occurred at a large, organized dairy farm in India. Of 1,836 regularly vaccinated, adult dairy cattle, 222 had clinical signs of FMD over a 39-day period. Assuming homogenous mixing, a frequency-dependent compartmental model of disease transmission was built. The transmission coefficient and basic reproductive number were estimated to be between 16.2-18.4 and 67-88, respectively. Non-pregnant animals were more likely to manifest clinical signs of FMD as compared to pregnant cattle. Based on oropharyngeal fluid (probang) sampling and FMDV-specific RT-PCR, four of 36 longitudinally sampled animals (14%) were persistently infected carriers 10.5 months post-outbreak. There was no statistical difference between subclinical and clinically infected animals in the duration of the carrier state. However, prevalence of NSP-ELISA antibodies differed significantly between subclinical and clinically infected animals 12 months after the outbreak with 83% seroprevalence amongst clinically infected cattle compared to 69% of subclinical animals. This study further elucidates within-herd FMD transmission dynamics during the acute-phase and characterizes duration of FMDV persistence and seroprevalence of FMD under natural conditions in an endemic setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foot‐and‐mouth disease virus transmission dynamics and persistence in a herd of vaccinated dairy cattle in India

Hayer

VanderWaal

Ranjan

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Anestrus condition in buffaloes is considered the most frustrating and challenging reproductive problem responsible for economic losses to the farmer by decreasing milk production and net calf crop in a female’s lifetime. Estrus induction protocols using various hormones such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), progesterone (CIDR, Crestar), estradiol, pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG), and prostaglandins associated with fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) have been tried for the treatment of anestrus with variable success rates [1-5]. Progesterone in any form acts by maintaining a negative feedback over hypothalamus-pituitary axis and restricting the release of gonadotrophins, that is, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, although the synthesis of gonadotropin still remains to continue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrus induction and fertility response following different treatment protocols in Murrah buffaloes under field conditions

Kumar¹,

Phogat²,

Pandey³

et al. 2016

Vet World

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Aim:The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of three different treatment protocols for estrus induction and conception rate in postpartum anestrus buffaloes during breeding season under field conditions.Materials and Methods:The 47 postpartum anestrus buffaloes of the 2nd to 6th parity were divided into three groups. Group 1 (n=16): Buffaloes received cosynch treatment, that is, buserelin acetate 10 µg on day 0 and 9, cloprostenol 500 µg on day 7 followed by fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) at the time of second buserelin acetate and 24 h later. Group 2 (n=15): Buffaloes received norgestomet ear implant subcutaneously for 9 days, estradiol benzoate 2 mg on the day of implant insertion (day 0), pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) 400 IU and cloprostenol 500 µg on day 9 followed by AI at 48 and 72 h after implant removal. Group 3 (Cosynch-plus, n=16): Buffaloes received Cosynch protocol as per Group 1 except an additional injection of PMSG 400 IU (i.m.) was given 3 days before the start of protocol and FTAI done at the same time of Group 1. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed after 45 days of AI.Results:The estrus induction response following the treatment was 81.3%, 100%, and 93.7% in Group 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The buffaloes of Group 1, 2, and 3 expressed intense (38.4%, 60% and 46.6%, respectively) and moderate estrus (46.1%, 26.6%, and 40%, respectively). The conception rates in Group 1, 2, and 3, at FTAI and overall including subsequent estrus were 37.5% and 62.5%, 53.3%, and 66.6%, 56.3%, and 75%, respectively.Conclusion:All the three treatment protocols can be effectively used for induction of estrus with acceptable conception rate in postpartum anestrus buffaloes during breeding season under field conditions. However, Cosynch-plus (similar to Cosynch protocol except addition of PMSG, 400 IU 3 days before the start of first buserelin acetate administration) protocol results comparatively better pregnancy rate.

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“…Many of the changes in ovary, tubular genitalia, and hormonal secretion in buffaloes are comparable to cattle, for example, the concentration of Progesterone (P4) in plasma and milk that reflects the action of the corpus luteum (CL). However, the levels are lower for cattle (Kumar et al, 2014).…”

Section: Female Buffalomentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Characteristics of Buffaloes: A Review

Pirondi¹,

Teixeira²,

Lima³

et al. 2019

JAS

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Interest in buffalo breeding has increased, due to certain advantages in relation to cattle breeding. The objective of this article was to review the reproductive biological characteristics of buffaloes. Buffaloes have their peculiarities regarding the reproductive characteristics, the females are seasonal polyestrous breeders of short days, the puberty’s buffalo is reached in ages more than in the bovine, the detection of the estrus is more difficult because of the estrus it happens at dawn and the females of buffalo have few physiological changes producers have difficulty detecting estrus. The gestation period varies between 300 and 320 days. Males have smaller external reproductive organs and less intense sexual behavior in relation to cattle. Buffalo females exhibit reproductive differences such as the hyperpigmented vulva and smaller and lighter, more rigid and tortuously inner structures with more muscle tone. There are some advantages in the creation of buffaloes were evidenced, such as their rusticity and adaptation to areas that would be unsuitableto cattle production, besides counting on products such as milk and meat of good quality. Several protocols of oestrus and ovulation synchronization have been adopted, to improve reproductive efficiency. These protocols have resulted in a pregnancy rates increase of 30% to 50%. It is concluded that buffalo breeding has space within the animal production system, especially in areas that would be suitable for the breeding of other ruminant species.

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Anestrus in Cattle and Buffalo: Indian Perspective

Cited by 56 publications

References 114 publications

Foot‐and‐mouth disease virus transmission dynamics and persistence in a herd of vaccinated dairy cattle in India

Foot‐and‐mouth disease virus transmission dynamics and persistence in a herd of vaccinated dairy cattle in India

Estrus induction and fertility response following different treatment protocols in Murrah buffaloes under field conditions

Reproductive Characteristics of Buffaloes: A Review

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