Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Head of the Fibula: An Unusual Presentation

Abstract

Bone cysts are tumor-like lesions of bone. These are primarily of two types: simple or unicameral and aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC). An aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a blood-filled cyst that usually occurs over the metaphysis of long bones, flat bones, and vertebrae. The symptoms of these cysts include pain and swelling over the area. It may consist of pathological fractures as well. The cyst is benign but may invade local tissue and erode bone. The investigations required are radiological and histopathological examinations that further confirm the diagnosis. The differential diagnosis includes giant cell tumor and telangiectatic osteosarcoma. Here, we discuss a case of an aneurysmal bone cyst of the head of the fibula, which is a rare site for ABC to occur (common sites are metaphyseal ends of the femur, humerus, tibia, scapula, and vertebrae). The treatment modalities have a wide range of options that range from en bloc resection to minimally invasive techniques such as selective artery embolization, sclerotherapy, and radiotherapy.