ANFO Cylinder Tests

Davis, Lloyd M.; Hill, Larry

doi:10.1063/1.1483507

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…where ρ is the density, ρ 0 is a reference density, and Q is the internal energy per unit, mass and the other empirical parameters (A 1 , A 2 , R 1 , R 2 , and w) are given in Table 1 for TNT (Dobratz, 1985) and other common explosives such as ANFO (Davis and Hill, 2002), C4, and COMP-B (Dobratz, 1985). The air is modeled using the ideal gas EOS as follows…”

Section: Description Of the Numerical Simulation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of explosive bare charge equivalent weight

Grisaro

Edri

2017

International Journal of Protective Structures

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Peak overpressure and impulse are the most important parameters in the explosive performance estimation. Available models commonly consider trinitrotoluene explosive as the standard charge. In this article, the trinitrotoluene equivalency factor is studied through verified one-dimensional numerical simulations. The equivalency factors for impulse and overpressure are different and found to be constant with the scaled distance (3-40 m/kg 1/3), which means that a unique value for the equivalency factor is suitable for the equivalency factor calculation for each distance. Comparison of the equivalency factor with available models shows that it strongly depends on the internal energy ratio of the explosive in interest, relative to trinitrotoluene, and a new formula for equivalency factor for overpressure is proposed. A verified simulation method is presented in which the explosive is modeled with an equivalent "air bubble" with the same internal energy and ideal gas equation of state. A new approach using the energy flux density calculation is presented to calculate the equivalency factor for impulse and overpressure from a single gauge measurement of overpressure-time history, at a specific distance.

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Section: Description Of the Numerical Simulation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of explosive bare charge equivalent weight

Grisaro

Edri

2017

International Journal of Protective Structures

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“…Conversely, the high detonation pressures can be used to both accelerate confinement layers, such as in the copper cylinder test, e.g. [1], or to fragment rock, as when explosive is detonated in a bore hole for mining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Inert Confiners with Explosives

Sharpe

Bdzil

2006

J Eng Math

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Abstract. The deformation of an inert confiner by a steady detonation wave in an adjacent explosive is investigated for cases where the confiner is sufficiently strong (or the explosive sufficiently weak) such that the overall change in the sound speed of the inert is small. A coupling condition which relates the pressure to the deflection angle along the explosive-inert interface is determined. This includes its dependence on the thickness of the inert, for cases where the initial sound speed of the inert is less than or greater than the detonation speed in the explosive (supersonic and subsonic inert flows, respectively). The deformation of the inert is then solved by prescribing the pressure along the interface. In the supersonic case, the detonation drives a shock into the inert, subsequent to which the flow in the inert consists of alternating regions of compression and tension. In this case reverberations or 'ringing' occurs along both the deflected interface and outer edge of the inert. For the subsonic case, the flow in the interior of the inert is smooth and shockless. The detonation in the explosive initially deflects the smooth interface towards the explosive. For sufficiently thick inerts in such cases, it appears that the deflection of the confiner would either drive the detonation speed in the explosive up to the sound speed of the inert or drive a precursor wave ahead of the detonation in the explosive. Transonic cases, where the inert sound speed is close to the detonation speed, are also considered. It is shown that the confinement affect of the inert on the detonation is enhanced as sonic conditions are approached from either side.

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“…The JWL EOS parameters for the explosive have been used in the model from the literature. Davis & Hill (2001) has estimated the JWL parameters for Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil (ANFO) explosives using cylindrical tests.…”

Section: Existing Face Blasting Methods Employed At the Experimental Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Explicit dynamics based numerical simulation approach for assessment of impact of relief hole on blast induced deformation pattern in an underground face blast

Himanshu

Mishra

Vishwakarma

et al. 2021

Geomech. Geophys. Geo-energ. Geo-resour.

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The breakage of rock mass by blasting has many challenges. The optimal breakage in an underground development face/tunnel blast is dominantly dependent on the relief area provided to the blast holes. The cut portion in the burn cut face blast is significantly important to achieve the controlled deformation due to the blast. This paper has discussed the impact of the number and diameter of the relief holes on the breakage pattern of the rock. The numerical simulation with varying numbers and diameter of relief hole was carried out for this purpose.Finite element modeller explicit dynamics of Ansys-Autodyn was used for the simulation work. The isosurface of non-deformed zone was plotted to compare the extent of deformation under varying conditions of relief holes.The analysis shows that the higher number of relief holes with optimum diameter gives more controlled deformation than single relief hole with larger diameter. The nearfield vibration was also recorded by placement of seismograph. The waveform analysis of the recorded vibration was carried out. The redesigning of the blasting pattern was done using the results of numerical simulation and waveform analysis. The redesigned pattern consists of four relief holes of 115 mm diameter. The blasting output with the revised design has resulted into the considerable improvements in the pull and reduction of overbreak. The revised pattern has addressed the issue of the socket formation at the site.

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ANFO Cylinder Tests

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Numerical investigation of explosive bare charge equivalent weight

Numerical investigation of explosive bare charge equivalent weight

Interactions of Inert Confiners with Explosives

Explicit dynamics based numerical simulation approach for assessment of impact of relief hole on blast induced deformation pattern in an underground face blast

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