Anger and depressive ruminations as predictors of dysregulated behaviours in borderline personality disorder

Martino, Francesca; Caselli, Gabriele; Tommaso, Jessica Di; Sassaroli, Sandra; Spada, Marcantonio M.; Valenti, Barbara; Berardi, Domenico; Sasdelli, Anna; Menchetti, Marco

doi:10.1002/cpp.2152

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Finally, although the ECM has been postulated to be a broad model for dysregulated behavior, it has also been applied specifically to BPD, with hypothesizing that this disorder may arise when an individual has frequent experiences with emotional cascades and dysregulated behaviors. The potential for emotional cascades to be particularly important in BPD has been supported by numerous studies (Martino et al, 2018;Meaney, Hasking, & Reupert, 2016;Selby et al, , 2013Selby et al, , 2016Tuna & Bozo, 2014). Thus, there may be some degree of diagnostic specificity of the ECM to borderline personality, relative to other disorders such as depression or posttraumatic disorder.…”

Section: The Ecm and Bpdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Bayesian Network modeling approach to evaluating the emotional cascade model of borderline personality disorder.

Selby¹,

Kondratyuk²,

Lindqvist³

et al. 2021

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

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Theoretical models of personality disorders can be complex and multifaceted, making it difficult to validate such models in a comprehensive, empirical fashion. One such model of borderline personality disorder (BPD) is the Emotional Cascade Model , which has garnered empirical support in piecemeal fashion, but has not been examined in a gestalt fashion.One way to test comprehensive models of personality pathology is with Temporal Bayesian Network (TBN) modeling, in which the relations between multiple subcomponents of a model can be specified and examined over a dynamic time frame, allowing for the modeling of positive feedback processes in addition to comprehensive model utility. In this study we applied TBN modeling to examine the Emotional Cascade Model in a sample of adolescents and young adults who actively self-injure, including those with BPD. TBN modeling was applied to ecological momentary assessment data provided via participant smartphone assessments for a period of two weeks. TBN analysis suggested that the emotional cascade model has considerable predictive utility, demonstrating substantial accuracy in predicting BPD diagnosis (with accuracy estimates around 90%) and momentary prediction of rumination, negative emotion, and dysregulated behaviors (with accuracy estimates consistently above 70% and reaching up to 100%, depending on the level of momentary prediction specificity). These findings provide support and validity to the notion that BPD may emerge from a dynamic interplay between emotional cascades and dysregulated behaviors. Implications of TBN modeling of BPD and personality disorders, in general, are discussed.

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Section: The Ecm and Bpdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Bayesian Network modeling approach to evaluating the emotional cascade model of borderline personality disorder.

Selby¹,

Kondratyuk²,

Lindqvist³

et al. 2021

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

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“…Hence, another explanation of the result regarding the association between occurrence of aggression and anger instability might be that aggressive behavior reduces intense feelings of anger as suggested by the Emotional Cascade Model [ 29 ]. Besides, an elevated tendency in patients with BPD to ruminate on anger might contribute to increased anger intensity and instability, and has previously been shown to enhance the risk for aggressive behaviors [ 30 ]. Furthermore, not much is known about situational triggers of anger and subsequent aggression in real-life, a question that should be addressed in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anger instability and aggression in Borderline Personality Disorder – an ecological momentary assessment study

Neukel

Bullenkamp

Moessner

et al. 2022

bord personal disord emot dysregul

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Background Anger and aggression are core features of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), contributing strongly to the individual as well as the societal burden caused by the disorder. Across studies, patients with BPD have shown increased, more frequent and prolonged episodes of anger and reported an increased prevalence of reactive aggression. However, only a few studies have investigated anger and aggression in the patients’ everyday lives and did not consider anger instability. In order to contribute knowledge about aggression and its association with anger intensity and anger instability in real-life in BPD the aim of the present study was to better characterize days with and without aggressive behaviors with regard to the patients’ experienced anger. Methods Patients with BPD and high aggression as well as healthy participants took part in an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study assessing state anger and aggression three times per day over two weeks. Multilevel modeling was conducted and anger instability was operationalized by squared successive differences. Results As expected, patients with BPD reported greater instability in their experienced anger compared to healthy participants. Most interestingly, in the BPD group the occurrence of aggressive behavior was significantly associated with anger intensity as well as anger instability. More precisely, on days when patients with BPD acted out aggressively, they reported higher anger intensity as well as greater anger instability than on days when they did not act out aggressively. Conclusion Knowledge about what characterizes days with aggressive behaviors may help to improve interventions to reduce aggressive behavior and thus relieve the burden aggression causes for patients with BPD, their surroundings and society.

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“…University life is very challenging for any individual in which students face pressure from role changes, interpersonal relationships, study tasks, emotional dysregulation, and future job-related during university life. 1 If the university students cannot cope and reveal this pressure in the form of emotional suppression whereas negative relationships with family and peers and the need for interpersonal relationships fulfilled, an individual experience which leads to mental health problems including anxiety, depression, stress, symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity in young adults [2][3][4][5][6] eating problem, and substance abuse seems in psychopathological symptoms which affect individual's daily life. 6,7 Students face challenges in academic performance, learning efficiency, and lifestyle due to this change regarding adjustment and learning a new capacity to establish interpersonal relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion Regulation and Attention Defecit Hyperactivity Symptoms in University Students: A Mediating Role of Interpersonal Problems

2022

JPMI

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Objective: This study aims to explore the mediating role of interpersonal problems between emotion regulation and attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms in young adults.Methodology: This cross-sectional research was carried out from September 2020 to November 2020 in the city of Lahore. A sample of 1190 university students (545 men and 645 women) selected through a multi-stage sampling technique with age range18-24 years (M=20, SD=1.55) were given a Demographic Performa, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Interpersonal Difficulties Scale (IDS), and Attention Deficit and Hyperactive Symptoms Scale (ADHSS). Results:The sample size consisted of 46% men and 54% women selected from BS1 (34%), BS2 (25%), BS3 (24%) and BS4 (17%). Pearson Product Moment correlation was used to investigate the relationship among study variables. Correlation analysis indicated that a significant moderate and high positive relationship between difficulties in emotion regulation and interpersonal problems (r=.56, p<.001), difficulties in emotion regulation and attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms (r=.36, p<.001), and interpersonal problems and attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms (r=.51, p<.001). Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that interpersonal problems partially mediate the relationship between difficulties in emotion regulation and attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms in young adults. Conclusion:This research provides empirical evidence that interpersonal relationship problems partially mediate the relationship between emotion regulation and attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms.

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Anger and depressive ruminations as predictors of dysregulated behaviours in borderline personality disorder

Abstract: Rumination may act as a mediator between emotional dysregulation and dysregulated behaviours in BPD. Future research should examine whether clinical techniques aimed at reducing rumination may be helpful in reducing dysregulated behaviours in patients with BPD.

Cited by 30 publications

References 33 publications

Temporal Bayesian Network modeling approach to evaluating the emotional cascade model of borderline personality disorder.

Temporal Bayesian Network modeling approach to evaluating the emotional cascade model of borderline personality disorder.

Anger instability and aggression in Borderline Personality Disorder – an ecological momentary assessment study

Emotion Regulation and Attention Defecit Hyperactivity Symptoms in University Students: A Mediating Role of Interpersonal Problems

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