Anger Assessment in Clinical and Nonclinical Populations: Further Validation of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2

Lievaart, Marien; Franken, Ingmar H.A.; Hovens, Johannes E.

doi:10.1002/jclp.22253

Cited by 75 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Scores on the STAXI‐2 are t scores; the State and Trait Anger subscales and the Anger Expression Index are reported herein. The internal consistency of the STAXI‐2 subscales has been shown to be high in psychiatric populations: Cronbach's αs = .96 for State Anger, .92 for Trait Anger, and .72–.84 for the components of the Anger Expression Index; and its validity has been demonstrated based on correspondence to other measures of anger and hostility (Lievaart, Franken, & Hovens, ). The internal consistency of STAXI subscales and indices were acceptable to excellent, Cronbach's αs = .73–.96.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compassion Meditation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans: A Randomized Proof of Concept Study

Lang

Malaktaris

Casmar

et al. 2019

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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There is considerable interest in developing complementary and integrative approaches for ameliorating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Compassion meditation (CM) and loving-kindness meditation appear to offer benefits to individuals with PTSD, including symptom reduction. The present study was a pilot randomized controlled trial of CM for PTSD in veterans. The CM condition, an adaptation of Cognitively-Based Compassion Training (CBCT R ), consists of exercises to stabilize attention, develop present-moment awareness, and foster compassion. We compared CM to Veteran.calm (VC), which consists of psychoeducation about PTSD, rationale for relaxation, relaxation training, and sleep hygiene. Both conditions consist of 10 weekly 90-min group sessions with between-session practice assignments. A total of 28 veterans attended at least one session of the group intervention and completed pre-and posttreatment measures of PTSD severity and secondary outcomes as well as weekly measures of PTSD, depressive symptoms, and positive and negative emotions. Measures of treatment credibility, attendance, practice compliance, and satisfaction were administered to assess feasibility. A repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a more substantive reduction in PTSD symptoms in the CM condition than in the VC condition, between-group d = −0.85. Credibility, attendance, and satisfaction were similar across CM and VC conditions thus demonstrating the feasibility of CM and the appropriateness of VC as a comparison condition. The findings of this initial randomized pilot study provide rationale for future studies examining the efficacy and effectiveness of CM for veterans with PTSD.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compassion Meditation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans: A Randomized Proof of Concept Study

Lang

Malaktaris

Casmar

et al. 2019

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…The STAXI-2 is a 57-item measure with scales developed to assess anger on three different scales: 1) state anger scale, this is situational anger; 2) trait anger scale, this is a dispositional characteristic, and 3) anger expression scale, this is the expression of anger [ 37 ]. The Dutch version of the STAXI-2 has adequate psychometric properties (Cronbach’s α ≥ .71; [ 38 ]).…”

Section: Design/methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of virtual reality aggression prevention training for forensic psychiatric patients (VRAPT): study protocol of a multi-center RCT

Tuente

Bogaerts

IJzendoorn³

et al. 2018

BMC Psychiatry

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BackgroundMany patients residing in forensic psychiatric centers have difficulties regulating their aggression in an adequate manner. Therefore, they are frequently involved in conflicts. Evidenced-based aggression therapies in forensic psychiatry are scarce, and due to the highly secured environment, it is hard to practice real-life provocations. We have developed a Virtual Reality aggression prevention training (VRAPT), providing safe virtual environments, in which patients can practice controlling their aggressive behaviors in an adequate way. The main objective of this study is to examine whether VRAPT is effective in reducing aggression among forensic psychiatric inpatients.MethodsFour forensic psychiatric centers in the Netherlands are participating in this study. Participants will be randomly assigned to either VRAPT or a waiting list. The two groups will be compared at several different time points: baseline (12 weeks before intervention), pre-intervention, post-intervention and at 12 weeks follow-up. After follow-up measurements are completed, participants from the waiting list will also receive VRAPT. The primary outcome is level of aggressive behavior, consisting of staff-reported and self-reported measures. Secondary outcomes are self-report questionnaires on e.g., anger, impulsivity and aggression.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge this is the first study to examine the effectiveness of a VR aggression prevention training in forensic psychiatric centers. Further details on the methodological issues are discussed in this paper.Trial registrationDutch Trial Register (NTR, TC = 6340). Retrospectively registered 14–04-2017.

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“…This study also utilised self-report measures of anger processes and aggression. However, the STAXI-2 has been shown to have concurrent validity in both community and non-community samples (Lievaart, Franken & Hovens, 2016), with higher scores in clinical participants. This confirms that this self-report measure accurately captures anger experience.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment insecurity and dispositional aggression: The mediating role of maladaptive anger regulation

Brodie

Goodall

Darling

et al. 2018

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

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Attachment insecurity has been associated with dysfunctional strategies for emotion regulation, leading to inflexible or maladaptive responding. Currently, application of the attachment framework to anger is underspecified. This study presents a preliminary investigation of attachment-related differences in the dispositional regulation of anger and aggressive outcomes. 270 participants completed measures of adult attachment (attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance), anger regulation processes (anger suppression, unregulated anger and anger control) and aggressive outcomes (physical aggression, verbal aggression and hostility). While those high in attachment anxiety have been found to under-regulate other negative emotions, our results postulate that these individuals may implement a suppression strategy when faced with the experience of anger. Mediation models indicate that anger suppression is implicated in the relationship between attachment dimensions and hostility, but not physical aggression. This supports the notion that suppression may be useful in reducing the external expression of anger, but cannot alleviate the associated internal cognitions. These findings suggest that levels of attachment anxiety and avoidance should be considered when identifying techniques to target specific anger regulatory difficulties that contribute to increased aggression. Further, consideration and exploration of the role of security priming is encouraged as a possible mechanism by which to reduce dispositional hostility in those with high levels of attachment insecurity

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Anger Assessment in Clinical and Nonclinical Populations: Further Validation of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2

Abstract: Our conclusion is that the STAXI-2 is a suitable instrument to measure both the experience and the expression of anger in both general and clinical populations.

Cited by 75 publications

References 32 publications

Compassion Meditation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans: A Randomized Proof of Concept Study

Compassion Meditation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans: A Randomized Proof of Concept Study

Effect of virtual reality aggression prevention training for forensic psychiatric patients (VRAPT): study protocol of a multi-center RCT

Attachment insecurity and dispositional aggression: The mediating role of maladaptive anger regulation

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