Angioleiomyoma of the tongue: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Angioleiomyoma (AL) is a benign tumor derived from smooth muscle. The overwhelming majority of ALs occur in the uterus, gastrointestinal tract, or skin; AL of the oral cavity is infrequent, and AL of the tongue is particularly rare. The present report describes a case of AL of the tongue that resulted in a good outcome. We also review the literature with a special emphasis on the etiology of ALs. It is generally agreed that minor trauma, venous stasis, and hormonal changes are etiological factors for AL. The roles of estrogen and progesterone have been particularly emphasized, and the expression of progesterone receptors (PRs) and estrogen receptors (ERs) has been recently evaluated in some cases of AL. To our knowledge, the presence of PRs and ERs has only been evaluated in seven cases of AL arising in different regions of the body including the oral cavity. This is the first report to demonstrate negative expression of both receptors in an AL of the oral cavity. Further study and additional cases are needed to elucidate the influence of PRs and ERs in AL of the oral cavity.

Angioleiomioma oral: relato de um caso e revisão dos achados atuais

“…9 These tumors appear to arise from the tunica media of small vessels, from arteriovenous anastomoses, or the smooth muscle cells of the circumvallate papillae of the tongue. 5,12 Although the lips are described as the most common site of angioleiomyomas within the oral cavity, [4][5][6] according to reports in the specialized literature published over the last 5 years (summarized in Table 2), the gingiva was the most common anatomical site in 29.4% of cases.…”

“…5,11,12 The most indicated treatment is conservative surgical excision. 6,13 The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical findings of a case of oral angioleiomyoma and compare them with findings described in case reports published during the last 5 years in the specialized scientific literature, identified using the PubMed database.…”

“…8 High incidences are also reported in the uterus, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. 4,6 Angioleiomyomas are rare in the oral cavity, since smooth muscle is scarce in this region. 9 These tumors appear to arise from the tunica media of small vessels, from arteriovenous anastomoses, or the smooth muscle cells of the circumvallate papillae of the tongue.…”

“…2,3 Angioleiomyomas of the oral cavity are rare, the lips are most frequent site, followed by the palate, mucosa of the cheek, and tongue. [4][5][6] Generally, patients diagnosed with angioleiomyoma are middle-aged adults and it has a preference for males. 4,7,8 Clinically, oral angioleiomyoma is characterized as a submucosal nodule, with a firm consistency, slow growth and, in the majority of cases, a size of 2 cm in diameter or less.…”

Angioleiomyoma of the cheek: a case report

“…Some reports indicate that angioleiomyoma represents 3.3-9% of tumors in the oral cavity. Ishikawa et al found that the most frequently involved sites in the oral cavity were the lip (48.6%), palate (21.1%), buccal mucosa (9.2%), tongue (9.2%), mandible (8.3%), buccal sulcus (0.9%), labial sulcus (0.9%), mouth floor (0.9%), and gingiva (0.9%) (2). Age at onset ranges from 1 month to 84 years, although most patients are 30 years of age or older.…”