Angiomyofibroblastoma-like tumor of the scrotum: A case report and literature review

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to increase the knowledge of angiomyofibroblastoma (AMF)-like tumors in males by describing the second case of this rare lesion in the Chinese population with a long period of follow-up and by reviewing the literature. AMF-like tumor is a rare, circumscribed, slow-growing mesenchymal tumor that occurs predominantly in the vulva, perineum and pelvis of females. The present report presents a case of left scrotal AMF-like tumor in a 37-year-old male. Complete surgical excision was performed. The tumor was composed of spindle-shaped cells and small vessels proliferating in the edematous stroma. Immunohistologically, the tumor cells stained positive for smooth muscle actin and negative for S-100, CD34 and actin. Following seven years of follow-up the patient was asymptomatic and no evidence of tumor was found. In addition, the current literature was reviewed and the characteristics of this tumor were summarized. AMF-like tumors must also be distinguished from spindle cell lipoma, solitary fibrous tumor and aggressive angiomyxoma.

Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva diagnosed preoperatively: A case report

“…AMFB commonly develops in the female external genitalia, but it has also been reported to occur in the male scrotum or groin (2,3). The average age at onset is in the late 30s, and it is a well-circumscribed, elastic, soft tumor, usually sized <5 cm, white to yellowish brown and sponge-like or myxoid on cross-section.…”

Angiomyofibroblastoma of the mediastinum

“…There is variable expression of muscle-specific actin and CD34, but it is typically negative for S-100 protein expression. [6] In the present case, tumor cells were positive for vimentin, desmin, and CD34, but there was no immunoreactivity for S-100 protein.…”

“…The vessel walls of AAM are thick and large compared with AMFB. [6] After administration of intravenous contrast medium, AAM shows strong enhancement with swirled central strands of hypointense tissue caused by stretching of the fibrovascular stroma during protrusion. [9] Schwannoma is less vascular and more commonly expresses S-100 protein different from AMFB.…”

Angiomiofibroblastoma-like, un tumor excepcional: Presentación de un caso clínico y diagnóstico diferencial

“…La localización paratesticular de este tumor sólo ha sido descrita en muy pocos casos en la literatura hasta la fecha (11) . La mayoría presentan una localización subcutánea de crecimiento lento y de curso benigno (2,7,11) . Debido a que rara vez recidivan, su tratamiento suele ser la resección quirúrgica con márgenes libres de tumor, no obstante, si presenta un gran tamaño la orquiectomía puede estar indicada (7) .…”

“…La mayoría presentan una localización subcutánea de crecimiento lento y de curso benigno (2,7,11) . Debido a que rara vez recidivan, su tratamiento suele ser la resección quirúrgica con márgenes libres de tumor, no obstante, si presenta un gran tamaño la orquiectomía puede estar indicada (7) . Ecográficamente presentan generalmente una localización subcutánea, ecogenicidad heterogénea y zonas isoecogénicas respecto a la grasa subcutánea, así como presencia de señal Doppler color.…”