Chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) is an unusual but important
cause of abdominal pain accounting for 5-8% of
all intestinal ischemic events. Most commonly it is
caused by atherosclerotic occlusions or severe stenosis.
Symptoms occur when at least two of the three main
splanchnic vessels are affected. The course is frequently
asymptomatic, resulting from an extensive collateralization.
Intestinal angina combined with weight loss and
sitophobia are typical clinical features. Therapeutic options
are conventional surgical therapy with thrombendarterectomy
or bypass as well as percutaneous angioplasty
with or without stenting. In symptomatic disease
immediate therapy is essential because the natural
course is life-threatening. Invasive treatment of asymptomatic
but significant CMI has to be seriously considered
as it developed into symptomatic disease with a high
possibility.