Angiosperm radiations at the Cenomanian/Turonian Cretaceous/Tertiary boundaries

Boulter, M. C.; Gee, David; Fisher, Helen C.

doi:10.1006/cres.1998.0099

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Crane, Friis & Pederscn, 1995;Taylor & Hickey, 1996;Sun et al, 1998), angiosperms were likely not significant components of the early Cretaceous flora, gaining foothold first in herbaceous form in marginal, swampy, and unstable habitats (Taylor & Hickey, 1992;Wing & Boucher, 1998). The plant fossil record marks two major angiosperm radiations in the Upper Cretaceous, at the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary and the Cretaceous/ Tertiary boundary (c. 65 Mya) (Boulter et al, 1998). Taxa exhibiting large increases in occurrence after these boundaries included extant woody hosts of aphids, such as the ULmur-clade, Betula-clade, and Alnus-clade (Boulter et aL., 1998).…”

Section: Corroboration Born the Plant Fo Nil Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plant fossil record marks two major angiosperm radiations in the Upper Cretaceous, at the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary and the Cretaceous/ Tertiary boundary (c. 65 Mya) (Boulter et al, 1998). Taxa exhibiting large increases in occurrence after these boundaries included extant woody hosts of aphids, such as the ULmur-clade, Betula-clade, and Alnus-clade (Boulter et aL., 1998). Structure of pollen from the Barremian-Aptian boundary (c. 125 Mya) in the northern Gondwana province indicates the appearance of non-magnoliid dicots (including Hamamelidae, Dilleniidae, and Rosidae), and megafossils show that hamamelids, rosids, and monocots were present by the late Albian (c. 100 Mya) (Crane, 1987).…”

Section: Corroboration Born the Plant Fo Nil Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular data support a rapid radiation of aphids in the Cretaceous and multiple origins of host alternation

Dohlen

Moran

2000

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

125

164

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Many aphids display a remarkably complex life cycle of host alternation, in which cyclical parthenogenesis is combined with the obligate use of two unrelated host plants. We used mitochondria1 ribosomal DNA @artial 12s and 16s) sequences to reconstruct the phylogeny of aphids, to determine how many origins of host alternation and correlated major hostplant shifts have occurred. Our results agreed with previous morphological studies in that species clustered with good support at the level of tribes. There was little well-supported phylogenetic structure at levels deeper than tribes, however, except for the monophyly of two subfamilies, Aphidinae and Lachninae. We argue that aphids experienced a rapid radiation at the tribal level, after host shifting from gymnosperms to angiosperms. A rapid radiation is consistent with aphid fossils, which record the presence of few subfamilies in the late Cretaceous, but most extant tribes by the early Tertiary. Plant fossils also record host plants of aphid tribes diversifying during this time. A hypothesized mechanism by which host alternation has evolved (fundatrix specialization), coupled with the rapid radiation, implies that this life cycle may have originated as often as in the ancestor of each tribe that displays it. We also consider, however, an alternative hypothesis of fewer origins. The basal radiation of Aphididae was dated from molecular sequences to have occurred at approximately 80-1 50 Mya.

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Section: Corroboration Born the Plant Fo Nil Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Corroboration Born the Plant Fo Nil Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular data support a rapid radiation of aphids in the Cretaceous and multiple origins of host alternation

Dohlen

Moran

2000

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

125

164

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“…The Late Cretaceous record of both mesofossils and palynofloras both suggest an extensive post-Cenomanian radiation of core eudicot angiosperms [1,71,72]. However, at the level of Caliciflora and the Rose Creek flower, and also in older sediments, all other angiosperms that are known so far appear to be related to early diverging lineages of angiosperms [1], including early diverging lineages of eudicots (taxa related to Lardizabalaceae and other members of Ranunculales, Buxales, Platanaceae and Nelumbonaceae [1,3,73]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emergence of core eudicots: new floral evidence from the earliest Late Cretaceous

2016

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Eudicots, the most diverse of the three major clades of living angiosperms, are first recognized in the latest Barremian–earliest Aptian. All Early Cretaceous forms appear to be related to species-poor lineages that diverged before the rise of core eudicots, which today comprise more than 70% of angiosperm species. Here, we report the discovery of a well-preserved flower, Caliciflora mauldinensis, from the earliest Late Cretaceous, with unequivocal core eudicot features, including five sepals, five petals and two whorls of stamens borne on the rim of a floral cup containing three free carpels. Pollen is tricolporate. Carpels mature into follicular fruitlets. This character combination suggests a phylogenetic position among rosids, but more specific assignment is precluded by complex patterns of character evolution among the very large number of potentially relevant extant taxa. The whorled floral organization is consistent with ideas that this stable pattern evolved early and was a prerequisite for more integrated patterns of floral architecture that evolved later. However, limited floral synorganization in Caliciflora and all earlier eudicot flowers recognized so far, calls into question hypotheses that substantial diversification of core eudicots had already occurred by the end of the Early Cretaceous.

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“…This radiation is also highlighted by the high disparity (morphological diversity) in reproductive organs with structures unknown in extant Lauraceae. A poor preservational potential related to very thin exine may have hidden the radiation of lauroids that occurred long before the major radiation of angiosperm pollen grains during the Turonian (Boulter et al. 1998; J.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intramarginal Veined Lauraceae Leaves From the Albian–cenomanian of Charente‐maritime (Western France)

Coiffard¹,

Gómez²,

Thiébaut³

et al. 2009

Palaeontology

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Eucalyptolaurus depreii gen. et sp. nov. is proposed for angiosperm leaves newly collected from uppermost Albian -lowermost Cenomanian of Charente-Maritime (western France). They consist of simple, narrow, elongate laminas with entire margins and intramarginal veins. The epidermal cells of adaxial cuticle shows small, rounded, blunt papillae outward that protrude inward and fuse together as rolls along and parallel to the margins, while the adaxial cuticle bears brachyparacytic stomatal apparatus that exhibit sunken guard cells and hair bases consisting of a thick-walled pore surrounded by radially arranged differentiated cells. Resin bodies occur inside the mesophyll. These characters closely resemble the lauroid taxa 'Myrtophyllum' and Pandemophyllum from the Cenomanian of the Czech Republic and Dakota (USA) respectively. The narrow angle of basilaminar secondaries and the whole suite of features in the guard cells (sunken guard cells embedded into subsidiary cells and stomatal ledges) strongly support close affinity with the Lauraceae. From the Cenomanian lauraceous reproductive organs and their related leaves already showed high disparity and diversity. In addition they displayed a broad ecological range from freshwater floodplains to brackish swamps. This combined to high diversity of reproductive organs suggest ecological radiation of Lauraceae by the Cenomanian.Key words: early salt-tolerant angiosperms, Lauraceae, Eucalyptolaurus, cuticles, mid Cretaceous, western France. Kvaček (1983Kvaček ( , 1992 and Nȇmejc and Z. Kvaček (1975) described both detailed venation and cuticle of Myrtophyllum angustum (Velenovský) Knobloch and M. geinitzii Heer from the Cenomanian and Senonian of Bohemian Cretaceous Basins (Czech Republic), but the diagnosis based on the venation only remained unchanged. M. geinitzii Heer was also reported from the Cenomanian of Alcanede in Portugal (Teixeira 1948(Teixeira , 1950 and the Cenomanian-Turonian of Atane in Greenland (Heer 1883; Boyd 1998). In southeastern France, De Saporta (1862) mentioned leaf impressions similar to M. angustum and M. geinitzii collected from the trench Derbèze at Bagnolssur-Cèze (Gard) in sandstones now considered being Early Coniacian in age (Ducreux et al. 1982). De Saporta (1862 and Fritel (1927) also recognized Eucalyptus-like leaves from the Campanian of Fuveau basin (Bouches-du-Rhô ne, southeastern France). In Northern America, only impressions of M. geinitzii Heer were collected from several localities: Albian-Cenomanian of Dakota group (Lesquereux [Palaeontology, Vol. 52, Part 2, 2009, pp. 323-336] Greuter et al. 2000). Velenovský (1883) described the narrow, elongated lauraceous leaves with intramarginal veins Grevillea constans from the Cenomanian of Bohemian Basin. Velenovský (1889) renamed it Grevilleophyllum, Grevillea being a modern genus without any systematic affinity with the fossil. No diagnosis or description was given, and thus Grevilleophyllum should have fallen into nomen nudum. However Z. Kvaček (1983Kvaček ( , 1992...

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Angiosperm radiations at the Cenomanian/Turonian Cretaceous/Tertiary boundaries

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular data support a rapid radiation of aphids in the Cretaceous and multiple origins of host alternation

Molecular data support a rapid radiation of aphids in the Cretaceous and multiple origins of host alternation

The emergence of core eudicots: new floral evidence from the earliest Late Cretaceous

Intramarginal Veined Lauraceae Leaves From the Albian–cenomanian of Charente‐maritime (Western France)

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