Abstract. Expression of angiotensin II (Ang II), a key biological peptide in the renin-angiotensin system, is closely associated with the occurrence and development of cancer. Ang II binds two receptor subtypes, the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and the AT2R, to mediate a series of biological effects. Telmisartan, a specific AT1R blocker, has been reported to have potential as an anticancer drug for treating renal cancer. In the present study, whether telmisartan had an effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation and migration was investigated. The Cell Counting kit-8 assay revealed that telmisartan significantly inhibited the growth of the NSCLC A549 cell line in a time-and dose-dependent manner. In a transwell assay, telmisartan significantly inhibited cellular invasion and migration. Furthermore, it was determined that the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma was decreased, and that of the pro-apoptotic proteins caspase-3 and Bcl-associated X increased in the A549 cells treated with telmisartan. Additionally, levels of phosphorylated RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase (p-AKT), p-mechanistic target of rapamycin, p70-S6 kinase and cyclin D1 was decreased in the telmisartan-treated group. Therefore, the current study reveals that telmisartan-induced NSCLC apoptosis may be regulated via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway, which indicates that it may be a potential novel drug for clinical NSCLC treatment.
IntroductionLung cancer, the most common type of cancer, has the highest morbidity rate among all types of malignancies worldwide (1,2), accounting for 30% of all incidences of cancer-associated mortality (3). In clinical practice, the two major types of lung cancer are small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-SCLC (NSCLC) (4), of which NSCLC accounts for ~80% of all lung cancer cases (5). Current therapies for NSCLC include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and surgery, which are used alone or in combination (6). Despite the use of these therapies, the overall 5-year survival rate of NSCLC remains low, at 15% (7). Owing to the development of drug resistance and the severe side effects experienced by patients, effective and safe novel agents are required for the treatment of NSCLC (1).Angiotensin II (Ang II), a key biological peptide in the renin-angiotensin system, is a vasoconstrictor that controls cardiovascular function and renal homeostasis (8). Ang II receptor blockers (ARBs) are extensively used as anti-hypertensive drugs (9). Studies have reported that angiogenesis is essential for tumor progression and metastasis (10,11). Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that ARBs have the potential possibility to restrain the growth of several types of cancer cells (12,13). Ang II binds two receptor subtypes, the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and the Ang II type 2 receptor (AT2R), to mediate a series of biological effects (14). AT1R mediates the main functions of Ang II, including tumor growth and angiogenesis (15). Treatment with telmisartan, a spe...