Angiotensin-converting enzyme for noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis

Efe, Cumali; Cengiz, Mustafa; Kahramanoğlu-Aksoy, Evrim; Ylmaz, Bülent; Ozseker, Burak; Beyazt, Yavuz; Tanoğlu, Alpaslan; Pürnak, Tuğrul; Kav, Taylan; Turhan, Turan; Özeni̇rler, Seren; Özaslan, Ersan; Wåhlin, Staffan

doi:10.1097/meg.0000000000000355

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In addition, studies on serum ACE levels and liver fibrosis usually include a relatively small number of the patients and healthy controls. 17,18 Also, contrary to other studies, we found a higher level of serum ACE in the healthy controls (42.5 U/L) compared to the patients with CHC (36 U/L), and no correlation between serum ACE and the stages of liver fibrosis. In previous studies, the most striking results…”

Section: Figurecontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…22 Measuring serum ACE levels is one of them, showing promising results in early studies, although some paradoxical outcomes have also been reported recently. [16][17][18]23 The issue of non--invasive methods has increasingly attracted many researchers, and frequently new studies on the topic are added to the literature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to today, the measurement of serum ACE level for liver fibrosis has only been studied in the context of hepatitis B and autoimmune hepatitis, with promising results according to the authors. 17,18 However, in these studies, the value of serum ACE could not be assessed in deepth due to the insufficient number of patients and controls, as well as a lack of studies on usability. Many patients with chronic liver disease are usually detected and treated later in life and so plenty of comorbidities that often affect the serum ACE level can exist.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is serum angiotensin converting enzyme level a useful non-invasive marker for liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C?

Akar

2018

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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Section: Figurecontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is serum angiotensin converting enzyme level a useful non-invasive marker for liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C?

Akar

2018

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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“…RAS was probably reported to be related to some hepatic pathogenesis, including hepatic stellate cell inflammation, proliferation, elevation of portal vein pressure, and hepatic fibrogenesis, as well [29]. RAS activation was reported in the patients with liver cirrhosis [30,31], liver inflammation [12], nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [12], and fibrosis [4,9].…”

Section: The Function Of Local Renin-angiotensin Systems In the Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, blockage of RAS in the liver has improved for regeneration and inhibition of tumor progression [17]. There is an active interaction between the plasma ACE level and patient with liver fibrosis [29]. On the other hand, the local production of Ang-II might not be entirely blocked by ACE inhibitors due to that there are alternative pathways that are chymase [33].…”

Section: The Function Of Local Renin-angiotensin Systems In the Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Renin-Angiotensin System at Liver and Crosstalk with Hepatic Diseases

Taşkın¹,

Güven²

2017

Renin-Angiotensin System - Past, Present and Future

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The systemic renin-angiotensin system mainly regulates blood pressure and maintains kidney function. Recent studies have realized that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been found in many tissues, such as heart, liver, and kidney. Although RAS in heart and kidney has been well documented, the RAS in the liver has been evaluated in a few studies. Therefore, this chapter will be assessed it. Based on findings, RAS in the liver has presented almost all of its components, such as angiotensin-I (Ang-I), angiotensin-II (Ang-II), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1), angiotensin type-2 receptor (AT2), named as classical RAS. Expect these components, the local RAS has had alternative pathway components, including angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and chymase. Classical RAS has an opposite effect of alternative RAS.Although these local RAS might not be such a crucial for the tissue, it could be a more vital function under pathophysiologic conditions. The chapter the local RAS in the liver the under both physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions is highlighted.

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Diagnosis and Management of Autoimmune Hepatitis in Adults and Children: 2019 Practice Guidance and Guidelines From the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases

et al. 2020

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US children, 9%-12% (14-16) UK children, 38% (13) Age at presentation Peripubertal and adults Usually under 14 years (153) Mode of presentation Chronic symptoms common Acute onset (~40%) Ascites or GI bleeding rare Acute liver failure possible (555,556) Asymptomatic in 25%-34% Relapse frequent (108) Acute in 25%-75% Acute severe in 2%-6% Laboratory features Hypergammaglobulinemia IgA levels may be reduced (153) Autoantibodies ANA Anti-LKM1 SMA, anti-actin [Anti-LC1, Anti-LKM3] SLA Concurrent immune diseases Autoimmune thyroiditis Autoimmune thyroiditis Rheumatic diseases Diabetes mellitus IBD Vitiligo Autoimmune overlap with PSC (ASC in children) Common in children Rare Atypical pANCA-positive Atypical pANCA-negative Overlap with PBC Seen in adults (not children) Not reported Cirrhosis at presentation Adults, 28%-33% (especially elderly) Rare Children, ≤33% Remission after drug withdrawal Possible Rare, usually need long-term immunosuppression Abbreviations: GI, gastrointestinal; IgA, serum immunoglobulin A. *Removed from marketplace. Abbreviation: anti-PD-L1, antibody to programmed death protein ligand 1. taBle 6. Features of Drug-Induced aIH-like Injury and aIH Clinical Features Drug Induced AIH-Like Injury AIH Gender Mainly women (187) Female predominance, but men also affected (2,384,467) Acute onset Majority (>60%) (231) <20% (2,136) Hypersensitivity (fever, rash, eosinophilia) Up to 30% (231,232,613) Unusual (2,384,467) Temporal relationship with drug Positive (231-234) Negative (2,56,188) HLA DRB1*03:01 or DRB1*04:01 association None (236) Common (29) Concurrent autoimmune diseases Unusual (187) Present in 14%-44% (129,149-152) Cirrhosis at presentation Rare (187) 28%-33% (9,104-107) Management Stop offending drug ± glucocorticoids (187,231,232) Glucocorticoids with AZA (2,384,467) Relapse after drug withdrawal Rare (187) 60%-87% (243,244) Progression to cirrhosis Rare (187) 7%-40% (105) Survival without transplantation 90%-100% (187,232) 10-year survival, 89%-91% (105,451

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Angiotensin-converting enzyme for noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Is serum angiotensin converting enzyme level a useful non-invasive marker for liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C?

Is serum angiotensin converting enzyme level a useful non-invasive marker for liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C?

Local Renin-Angiotensin System at Liver and Crosstalk with Hepatic Diseases

Diagnosis and Management of Autoimmune Hepatitis in Adults and Children: 2019 Practice Guidance and Guidelines From the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases

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