Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker: Potential agents to reduce post‐surgical scar formation in humans

Abstract

Scar formation characterized by excessive fibrosis and extracellular matrix deposition remains a thorny issue in public health. The high incidence and irreversibility of scars bring various physical and psychological problems to patients. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) plays an important role in the fibrosis of organs. 1 Angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB) are widely used drugs for good effects and low prices, and the angiotensin II (Ang II), the core component of RAAS, not only has potent effects on the regulation of blood pressure but also participates in the fibrogenesis of some organs such as heart and

Targeting the Angiotensin Pathway in the Treatment of Cutaneous Fibrosis: A Systematic Review

“…Scar Cosmesis Assessment and Rating (SCAR) scale assessment ( Kantor, 2017 ) showed improved ratings of scar spread, hypertrophy/atrophy, overall impression, and total score in the ACE-I–treated group compared with that in the other antihypertensive-treated and control groups. In this study, there was no significant statistical difference between the ACE-I–treated group and the ARB-treated group in terms of scar width or SCAR scale measurement ( Hu et al., 2020 ).…”

“…The literature search identified 461 citations, of which seven studies met the inclusion criteria, including a total of 199 patients ( Figure 2 ). There were two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ( Hedayatyanfard et al., 2018 ; Mohammadi et al., 2018 ), one comparative observational study ( Hu et al., 2020 ), and four case reports including five total patients ( Ardekani et al., 2009 ; Alexandrescu et al., 2016 ; Iannello et al., 2006 ; Ogawa et al., 2013 ). The RCTs were conducted in Iran; the observational study was conducted in China; and the case reports were conducted in each of United States, Iran, Italy, and Japan ( Table 2 ).…”

Spontaneous Epiretinal Membrane Resolution and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers: Case Observation, Literature Review and Perspectives

“…In particular, Losartan and calpain inhibition reduced pleural fibrosis in a mouse model [22]. ARBs and neprilysin inhibitors (Valsartan and Sacubitril) reduced fibrosis, pulmonary pressures, vascular remodeling, as well as right-ventricle hypertrophy in a rat model [67], while both ARBs and ACE-Is have been shown to possess a modulating effect in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis [23].…”

One Molecule, Many Faces: Repositioning Cardiovascular Agents for Advanced Wound Healing

“…Additionally, these patients exhibited lower Manchester Scar Scale scores two months after surgery, suggesting improved cosmetic outcomes with less noticeable and better-formed scars. The study conducted from June 2015 to June 2018 examined whether chronic oral administration of ACEI and sartans influenced scar formation post-thyroid tumor surgery in 347 patients [ 173 ]. The results indicate that patients taking ACEI and sartans chronically may develop smaller scars compared to those using other antihypertensive drugs or no treatment, suggesting a potential therapeutic role in scar management.…”