Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism is Associated with Breast Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background:A number of case-control studies were conducted to investigate the association of angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphism with breast cancer. But the results remain controversial. This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the association of ACE I/D polymorphism with breast cancer.Method:A comprehensive literature search on PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS and ISI Web of Knowledge databases for studies published up to June 01, 2018 was performed. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Publication bias of literatures was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger’s test.Results:A total of 20 studies including 2846 breast cancer cases 9299 controls meeting the predefined criteria were involved in the meta-analysis. Overall, the ACE I/D polymorphisms was significantly associated with breast cancer under the allele model (I vs. D: OR= 0.803, 95% CI 0.647-0.996, p=0.046), the homozygote model (II vs. DD: OR= 0.662, 95% CI 0.462-0.947, p=0.024), the heterozygote model (ID vs. DD: OR= 0.707, 95% CI 0.528-0.946, p=0.020), the dominant model (II+ID vs. DD: OR= 0.691, 95% CI 0.507-0.941, p=0.019). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, a significant association was found among Asian and Caucasian populations, but not among mixed populations.Conclusions:This meta-analysis suggests that ACE I/D polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of breast cancer, especially among Asian and Caucasians. However, well-designed studies with larger sample size and more ethnic groups are needed to further validate the results.

Association of IL-12B rs3212227 and IL-6 rs1800795 Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Therefore, the assessment of heterogeneity is necessary, as high heterogeneity could be caused by the fact that there are actually two or more subgroups of studies present in the data, which have a different true effect. According to our previous metaanalyses, we suggested that heterogeneity might be due to differences in study design, sample size, genotyping methods, disease heterogeneity, and to the different roles played by gene-gene and gene-environment interactions (Aflatoonian et al, 2019a;Mirjalili et al, 2018;Moghimi et al, 2019Moghimi et al, , 2018. Moreover, after subgroup an analysis, heterogeneity was obviously decreased in Asians; however, the corresponding pooled ORs were not materially altered after deleting these studies, indicating that our results were statistically robust.…”

Association of Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Insertion/287 bp Deletion Polymorphisms and Proliferative Prostatic Diseases among Lebanese Men

“…A more recent metanalysis analyzing multiple study found no association of I/D polymorphism and PCa risk overall and among the Caucasian males in particular although the study found the D allele and the DD genotype associated with increased risk of PCa among the Asian and Latino males [28]. Similar inconsistencies were observed when the association of the I/D polymorphism and other cancers such as breast cancer [29,30], lung cancer [31,32], and colorectal cancer [33,34] was investigated.…”

Association of IL-6 −174 G>C Polymorphism with Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer and Gastric Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…However, CRC and GC have a complex etiology and pathophysiology generated by the interaction of several genes and environmental factors (7,42). Thus, besides the indeterminate number of characteristics that vary among studies, other confounding factors such as age, gender, lifestyle further contribute to between-study heterogeneity (43,44). In addition, there was a publication bias across the selected studies in this meta-analysis.…”