Angiotensin-converting Enzyme-related Cough among Chinese-Americans

Tseng, Daniel S.; Kwong, Jan; Rezvani, Firozeh; Coates, Ashley

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.06.032

Cited by 48 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…(4)(5)(6)11) An American study examining the discontinuation rates of lisinopril due to cough found that 34% of Chinese Americans experience chronic cough that was severe enough to warrant discontination their medication; this proportion is significantly higher than the 13% found in the general American population. (6) In our study population (which consisted of 68% Chinese), the incidence of discontinuation of ACE inhibitors due to cough is similar to the aforementioned incidence observed among Chinese Americans. Our study and Indian patients, respectively, discontinued their ACE inhibitors due to cough.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) Few studies have suggested a relationship between ethnicity and the prevalence of cough due to ACE inhibitors. (4)(5)(6) The prevalence of cough requiring discontinuation of ACE inhibitor therapy was found to be significantly higher among subjects of African (4) and Chinese ethnicity. (5,6) In a blinded, retrospective case control study conducted in Hong Kong, interviews were carried out among patients taking enalapril or captopril.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(4)(5)(6) The prevalence of cough requiring discontinuation of ACE inhibitor therapy was found to be significantly higher among subjects of African (4) and Chinese ethnicity. (5,6) In a blinded, retrospective case control study conducted in Hong Kong, interviews were carried out among patients taking enalapril or captopril. (5) The prevalence of persistent cough was reported to be 44%, with approximately 10% of the patients withdrawing from treatment because of it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of discontinuation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors due to cough, in a primary healthcare centre in Singapore

Ng¹,

P²

2014

smedj

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Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are widely used in the treatment of hypertension, and renal and cardiovascular conditions. It is reported to be well tolerated by a high percentage of patients. However, dry cough is a common nuisance side effect with this class of medication, and the cough can be severe enough to require discontinuation of these medications.(1)The incidence of ACE inhibitor-induced cough has been reported to be 5%-20%.(2) A prospective study found that the incidence of cough necessitating the discontinuation of ACE inhibitors was reported to be 9.3%. We hypothesise that the local incidence of ACE inhibitor discontinuation due to cough is higher than that reported in the Caucasian population. (7,8) We believe that the objective data derived from our study will aid local physicians in their selection of drugs for their patients. Appropriate counselling can also be given to patients initiated on ACE inhibitors. Our study aimed to determine the incidence of discontinuation of ACE inhibitors due to cough, in a primary healthcare centre in Singapore. for an estimated incidence of discontinuation of ACE inhibitors due to cough (in our local population) of 40%, with 5% precision. M E TH O DSPatients prescribed ACE inhibitors for the first time at the study centre during the study period (i.e. between 1 July 2005 and 1 March 2006) were included in the study (Fig. 1). Using the clinic's electronic database, a list of patients who were prescribed the ACE inhibitors enalapril, lisinopril, captopril and perindopril was generated. These ACE inhibitors were selected as these were the only ACE inhibitors available at the study centre during the study period. The following patients were excluded from the study: (a) patients who defaulted on follow-up or were transferred to another institution within a year of initiation of ACE inhibitors; (b) patients whose ACE inhibitors were discontinued by other clinics for reasons that were notIncidence of discontinuation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors due to cough, in a primary healthcare centre in Singapore

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of discontinuation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors due to cough, in a primary healthcare centre in Singapore

Ng¹,

P²

2014

smedj

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“…It is more common in women (perhaps due to the heightened cough reflex in women) and also, interestingly, in Chinese people. 5 Airflow obstruction is not usually a feature, and the presence of asthma does not change the likelihood of its occurrence. 6 It is a class effect, and generally recurs if any other ACE inhibitor is reintroduced.…”

Section: Ace Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 54 year-old man with a chronic cough — Chronic cough: don't forget drug-induced causes

Medford

2012

Primary Care Respiratory Journal

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“…It should be noted that avoiding cardiovascular events through combination therapy in patients living with systolic hypertension (ACCOMPLISH) (Jamerson et al, 2008), including 60% of diabetic patients among 11 000 individuals from an American population, has reported on the superiority of an ACE inhibitor combined with a calcium antagonist, compared to the combination of an ACE inhibitor and a diuretic, with a relative risk reduction of 20% (P<0.001) for the primary endpoint fatal/nonfatal CVD. In the end, the drug of choice should be based both on evidence from trials and on the tolerability of individual patients, as Chinese patients might be somewhat more susceptible to some adverse effects, e.g., non-productive cough following treatment with an ACE-inhibitor (Tseng et al, 2010). Treatment of hypertension in diabetes may also benefit from developments in clinical practice, as demonstrated in a recent study showing that group sessions with active individualized treatment by a care team improved mean SBP, compared to usual primary care (Edelman et al, 2010).…”

Section: Choice Of Antihypertensive Drug Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Target blood pressure in diabetes patients with hypertension —What is the accumulated evidence in 2011?

Nilsson

2011

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:There is overwhelming evidence that hypertension is an important risk factor for both macrovascular and microvascular complications in patients with diabetes, but the problem remains to identify appropriate goals for preventive therapies. A number of guidelines (the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) 2007, the Joint National Committee (JNC)-VII 2003, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2011) have for example advocated a blood pressure goal of less than 130/80 mmHg, but this suggestion has been challenged by findings in recent trials and meta-analyses (2011). The European Society of Hypertension (ESH) therefore recommends a systolic blood pressure goal of "well below" 140 mmHg. Based on evidence from both randomized controlled trials (hypertension optimal treatment (HOT), action in diabetes and vascular disease: preterax and diamicron MR controlled evaluation (ADVANCE), action to control cardiovascular risk in diabetes (ACCORD)) and observational studies (ongoing telmisartan alone and in combination with ramipril global endpoint trial (ONTARGET), international verapamil-trandolapril study (INVEST), treat to new targets (TNT), and the National Diabetes Register (NDR)), it has been shown that the benefit for stroke reduction remains even at lower achieved blood pressure levels, but the risk of coronary events may be uninfluenced or even increased at lower systolic blood pressure levels. In a recent meta-analysis, it was therefore concluded that the new recommended goal should be 130-135 mmHg systolic blood pressure for most patients with type 2 diabetes. Other risk factors should also be controlled with a more ambitious strategy applied in the younger patients with shorter diabetes duration, but a more cautious approach in the elderly and frail patients with a number of vascular or non-vascular co-morbidities. In patients from East Asia, such as China, the stroke risk is relatively higher than the risk of coronary events. This must also be taken into consideration for individualized goal setting in relation to total risk, for example in patients from stroke-prone families. In conclusion, the current strategy is to have a more individualized approach to risk factor control in patients with type 2 diabetes, also relevant for blood pressure control.

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Angiotensin-converting Enzyme-related Cough among Chinese-Americans

Cited by 48 publications

References 19 publications

Incidence of discontinuation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors due to cough, in a primary healthcare centre in Singapore

Incidence of discontinuation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors due to cough, in a primary healthcare centre in Singapore

A 54 year-old man with a chronic cough — Chronic cough: don't forget drug-induced causes

Target blood pressure in diabetes patients with hypertension —What is the accumulated evidence in 2011?

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