Angiotensin I converting enzyme (kininase II) in isolated retinal microvessels

Ward, Patrick E.; Stewart, T.A.; Hammon, Katy; Reynolds, R. C.; Igić, Rajko

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(79)90013-4

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In recent years, local renin-angiotensin systems (RAS) have been identified in several organs including the heart, adrenal gland, ovary and thymus. [11][12][13][14] There is also compelling evidence of an intracrine RAS in the eye.Ward et al described the presence of biologically-active ACE, isolated from pig retinal vessels, as early as 1979, 15 and since then, renin, angiotensinogen and ACE have been identified in the eyes of humans, rats and rabbits. 16,17 In human eyes, the mRNA for renin, ACE and angiotensinogen have all been isolated, suggesting that, in humans, there is local production of these constituents.…”

Section: The Systemic and Local Reninangiotensin Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the eye in diabetes

Strain

Chaturvedi

2002

J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst

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Section: The Systemic and Local Reninangiotensin Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the eye in diabetes

Strain

Chaturvedi

2002

J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst

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“…Einzelne Bestandteile des RAS finden sich in verschiedenen Kompartimenten des Auges (5,6,11,20,22,26,28,29,35,56,65,66). Die ermittelten Gewebskonzentrationen lagen hierbei deutlich denen des Plasmas (5).…”

Section: Zusammenfassungunclassified

“…Em lokales RAS wird für das Zentralnervensystem(12,27,32, 39,46), Niere (2, 52, 54, 57), Hoden (43), Nebenniere(16) und Arterienwand (59, 60) beschrieben. Aktivität wurde von verschiedenen Autoren, unter Verwendung spezifischer, enzymatischer Reaktionen mit Tracersubstanzen, in Homogenaten von Augengeweben unterschiedlicher Spezies nachgewiesen(20,22,66). Die hochten spezifischen ACE-Aktivitaten fanden Igic und Kojovic(22) beim Schwein in isolierten retinalen MikrogefaBen (>Choroidea> Retina).…”

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Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die Bedeutung des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems in der Netzhaut - Eine Übersicht

Jacobi

Jurklies²,

Köhler³

et al. 1994

Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd

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BACKGROUND Many peptides now identified in the brain were previously thought of as exclusively peripheral hormones. Among those, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is not only found to be of great importance in peripheral vasomotor and electrolyte homeostasis but also acts as neurotransmitter or modulator in the central nervous system. Here we review a number of experiments performed by us pointing to a modulation effect of the RAS unrelated to its vasoactive mechanisms. The biochemical basis as well as the different methods employed will be described in detail. METHODS RAS enzyme activity within the different ocular structures were determined by means of fluorimetric measurements. Possible neurophysiological effects of the RAS on retinal function were established through electroretinographic in-vitro and in-vivo recordings. Immunocytochemical staining was employed to morphologically identify possible sites involved. RESULTS The performed fluorimetric measurements revealed highest Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) activity within the neuroretina. Electroretinographic experiments have shown that variation in angiotensin-II activity is followed by reversible, dose-dependent effects on inner retinal signals. Clear evidence was found by immunohistochemistry that there is a discrete subpopulation of angiotensin-positive cells in the inner retina. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that the Renin-Angiotensin-System has neuronal sources and is physiologically active in the mammalian retina not purely related to vasoactive mechanisms. The RAS effector hormone angiotensin-II might therefore be a putative neurotransmitter in a subpopulation of retinal neurons. Reported side-effects of vasoactive substances, such as ACE-inhibitors on the visual function might be explained hereby.

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“…ACE activity, commonly found in vascular beds and in the epithelial cells of*the kidney, lungs and intestine, has been identified in various locations in the eye including the retina, choroid, ciliary body and the microvessels of the retina in man and several animal species (rabbit, cow and pig) (1,2,3,4). ACE activity has also been found in tears and aqueous humor from rabbit and human eyes (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Intraocular Pressure Lowering Effects of the Renin Inhibitor ABBOTT-64662 Diacetate in Animals

Giardina

Kleinert²,

Ebert³

et al. 1990

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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Corneal application of enalkiren , [N-(3 -amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutyl)-4-methoxy-L-phenylalanyl]-N-[1S,2R,33)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-2,3-dihydroxy-5-methylhexyl]-L-hietidinamide], a renin inhibitor compound, lowered intraocular pressure (I0P) in unanesthetized rabbits and anesthetized monkeys. IOP was significantly decreased for at least 60 minutes after administration of a 0.3% solution of enalkiren in monkeys and for at least 90 minutes after the administration of 0.1% and 0.3% solutions in rabbits.Enalkiren did not affect systemic blood pressure or heart rate in anesthetized monkeys after topical application to the cornea. The IOP lowering activity of enalkiren suggests a potential functional role for the renin angiotensin system in the modulation of IOP.

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Angiotensin I converting enzyme (kininase II) in isolated retinal microvessels

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Review: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the eye in diabetes

Review: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the eye in diabetes

Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die Bedeutung des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems in der Netzhaut - Eine Übersicht

Intraocular Pressure Lowering Effects of the Renin Inhibitor ABBOTT-64662 Diacetate in Animals

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