“…These techniques include co‐induction, invasive arterial monitoring with titrated or prophylactic vasopressor therapy, depth‐of‐anaesthesia monitoring, beta‐blockers and the optimisation of stroke volume with intravascular fluid therapy. The omission of antihypertensive drugs, such as angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors and receptor blockers, combined with the careful re‐introduction of these drugs after surgery, is common‐place and appears to be associated with fewer significant peri‐operative haemodynamic fluctuations 17. The introduction of peri‐operative beta‐blockade for high cardiac‐risk patients increases postoperative mortality, secondary to hypotension and stroke, albeit with less cardiac injury, as demonstrated in the POISE‐1 study 18.…”