Angiotensinogen T235 and ACE Insertion/Deletion Polymorphisms Associated With Albuminuria in Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Young, Robert P.; Chan, Juliana C.N.; Critchley, J. A. J. H.; Poon, Emily; Nicholls, Gary; Cockram, Clive S.

doi:10.2337/diacare.21.3.431

Cited by 56 publications

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“…The frequency of the ACE DD genotype in our control Taiwan Chinese population was 18%, which is higher than that Vol 45 No 6 reported in Hong Kong Chinese (13%), but lower than in both Turkish (61.2%) and Caucasian populations (24.8%). [30][31][32] The frequency of the D allele in our control Taiwan Chinese population was 44%, which is higher than that reported in Hong Kong Chinese (37.2%), but lower than that in both Turkish (61.2%) and Caucasian populations (54%). [30][31][32] The discrepancy in the distribution of ACE gene I/D polymorphism between these studies may be due to ethnic differences.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

“…[30][31][32] The frequency of the D allele in our control Taiwan Chinese population was 44%, which is higher than that reported in Hong Kong Chinese (37.2%), but lower than that in both Turkish (61.2%) and Caucasian populations (54%). [30][31][32] The discrepancy in the distribution of ACE gene I/D polymorphism between these studies may be due to ethnic differences. Thus, the findings in a Turkish population can not be extrapolated to a Taiwanese population.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

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Association Between Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Risk of Rheumatic Heart Disease

Chou

Tsai

2004

Jpn Heart J

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SUMMARYScarring and collagen deposition in the valves and destruction of myocytes may result from the combined effects of a smoldering rheumatic process and a constant trauma to the mitral valve or aortic valve by the turbulent flow in rheumatic heart disease (RHD). It has been suggested that angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) may be responsible for the increased valvular fibrosis and calcification in the pathogenesis of RHD. However, the role of ACE genetic variant in RHD has not been studied among the Chinese population in Taiwan. Hence, a case-controlled study was carried out to investigate the possible relationship between the ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) and G2350A polymorphisms and RHD.A group of 115 patients with RHD documented by echocardiography and 100 ageand sex-matched normal control subjects were studied. ACE gene I/D and G2350A polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction analysis.There was a significant difference in the distribution of ACE I/D genotypes (P = 0.02) and allelic frequencies (P = 0.04) between RHD cases and normal controls. An odds ratio for the risk of RHD associated with the ACE I/D II genotype was 2.12 (95% CI, 1.21-3.71). An odds ratio for the risk of RHD associated with the ACE I allele was 1.50 (95% CI, 1.02-2.21). The ACE G2350A polymorphism showed no association with RHD (P = 0.90). Further categorization of RHD patients into mitral valve disease and combined valve disease subgroups revealed no statistical difference in these gene polymorphisms when compared between the two subgroups.This study shows that patients with RHD have a higher frequency of ACE II genotype and I allele, which supports a role for ACE I/D gene polymorphisms in determining the risk of RHD in Taiwan Chinese. (Jpn Heart J 2004; 45: 949-957)

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Association Between Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Risk of Rheumatic Heart Disease

Chou

Tsai

2004

Jpn Heart J

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“…This change in the protein seems to be reflected in AGT plasma concentrations where AA homozygous individuals present with an 11% higher concentration than that of GG homozygous individuals (Sethi et al, 2003). Our findings are in agreement with prior studies that have found an association between this polymorphism and DM2 (Young et al, 1998;Mehri et al, 2010). Additionally, meta-analyses have also reported associations between the A allele of the polymorphism and the risk of cardiovascular diseases Pan, 2012, 2013;Liang et al, 2013a,b;Li et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2014), renal failure (Zhou et al, 2013b), pre-eclampsia (Lin et al, 2012), and breast cancer (Xi et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Role of ACE and AGT gene polymorphisms in genetic susceptibility to diabetes mellitus type 2 in a Brazilian sample

Lm¹,

Sm²,

Rempe³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between the InDel polymorphism in the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene (ACE) and the rs699 polymorphism in the angiotensinogen gene (AGT) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) in a sample population from Southern Brazil. A case-control study was conducted with 228 patients with DM2 and 183 controls without DM2. The ACE InDel polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers, followed by electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gel. The AGT rs699 polymorphism was genotyped using a real-time PCR assay. No significant 19111 ACE and AGT gene polymorphisms in diabetes mellitus type 2 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (4): 19110-19116 (2015) association between the ACE InDel polymorphism and DM2 was detected (P = 0.97). However, regarding the AGT rs699 polymorphism, DM2 patients had a significantly higher frequency of the AG genotype and lower frequency of the GG genotype when compared to the controls (P = 0.03). Our results suggest that there is an association between the AGT rs699 polymorphism and DM2 in a Brazilian sample.

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“…The DD genotype or D allele of this polymorphism was shown to be associated with elevated circulating and tissue ACE activity (4) as well as increased risk of hypertension (5) and diabetic renal (6) and cardiovascular complications (7). However, these results remained inconsistent in both Caucasian (8 -11) and non-Caucasian populations, including Chinese (12,13). These discrepancies might be due to ethnicity, study design, patient selection criteria, and small sample size.…”

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Prognostic Effect of Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism of the ACE Gene on Renal and Cardiovascular Clinical Outcomes in Chinese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Wang

et al. 2005

Diabetes Care

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OBJECTIVE -The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene has been reported to be associated with diabetic microvascular or macrovascular complications. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic effect of I/D polymorphism on renal and cardiovascular clinical outcomes in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -A consecutive cohort of 1,281Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes were followed for 41.3 Ϯ 21.6 months. Renal end points were defined as renal death and events (need for dialysis, plasma creatinine Ն500 mol/l, or doubling of plasma creatinine of baseline value Ն150 mol/l). Cardiovascular end points were defined as cardiovascular death and events, which included ischemic heart disease, heart failure, cerebrovascular accident, and revascularization requiring hospital admission. The I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene was examined by PCR followed by agarose gel electrophoresis.RESULTS -The frequencies of ACE gene I/D polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Patients who developed a renal end point (n ϭ 98) had higher frequencies of DD genotype (19.4 vs. 10.8%, P ϭ 0.018) and D allele (41.3 vs. 31.8%, P ϭ 0.006) compared with subjects who did not (n ϭ 1,183). The cumulative rates of renal end points were 10.0, 19.2, and 24.4% in the II (n ϭ 595), DI (n ϭ 539), and DD genotype carriers (n ϭ 147), respectively (log rank P ϭ 0.004). In multiple Cox regression analysis, the occurrence of renal end points remained significantly influenced by I/D polymorphism with a dominant deleterious effect of the DD genotype (DD versus II, adjusted hazard ratio 2.80 [95% CI 1.49 -5.29]). There was no prognostic effect of I/D polymorphism on cardiovascular end points.CONCLUSIONS -The DD genotype of the ACE I/D polymorphism was an independent risk factor for renal but not cardiovascular end points in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 28:348 -354, 2005A CE is one of the key enzymes in the renin-angiotensin system, which plays an important role in fluid and electrolyte balance and regulation of blood pressure and cellular growth (1,2). The human ACE gene is located in chromosome 17q23 with 26 exons and 25 introns with an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism that comprises a 278-bp fragment in intron 16 (3). The DD genotype or D allele of this polymorphism was shown to be associated with elevated circulating and tissue ACE activity (4) as well as increased risk of hypertension (5) and diabetic renal (6) and cardiovascular complications (7). However, these results remained inconsistent in both Caucasian (8 -11) and non-Caucasian populations, including Chinese (12,13). These discrepancies might be due to ethnicity, study design, patient selection criteria, and small sample size. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic effect of this polymorphism on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in a large cohort of 1,281 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The Prince of WalesHospital is the teaching hospital of t...

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Angiotensinogen T235 and ACE Insertion/Deletion Polymorphisms Associated With Albuminuria in Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Abstract: The high frequencies of the TT genotype and T allele in Chinese populations may contribute to the high prevalence of albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. The possibility of synergism between the AGT TT genotype and the ACE D allele should also be explored.

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Association Between Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Risk of Rheumatic Heart Disease

Association Between Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Risk of Rheumatic Heart Disease

Role of ACE and AGT gene polymorphisms in genetic susceptibility to diabetes mellitus type 2 in a Brazilian sample

Prognostic Effect of Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism of the ACE Gene on Renal and Cardiovascular Clinical Outcomes in Chinese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

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