Angry men and disgusted women: An evolutionary approach to the influence of emotions on risk taking

Fessler, Daniel M. T.; Pillsworth, Elizabeth G.; Flamson, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2004.06.006

Cited by 235 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Researchers have suggested that men's disgust levels reveal important information about their immunological robustness to potential mates (Fessler, Pillsworth, & Flamson, 2004). On this basis, it has been hypothesized that men may down-regulate their expression of disgust as a mating advertisement (Al-Shawaf, Conroy-Beam, Asao, & Buss, in press;Fessler et al, 2004).…”

Section: Food Neophilia: a Mating Display?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On this basis, it has been hypothesized that men may down-regulate their expression of disgust as a mating advertisement (Al-Shawaf, Conroy-Beam, Asao, & Buss, in press;Fessler et al, 2004). A parallel logic undergirds the hypothesis we propose for food neophilia: if a willingness to try unfamiliar and potentially pathogenic foods is a sign of immunological robustness, and immune function is an important criterion in women's assessments of potential mates, then a demonstrated willingness to try unfamiliar foods could be an advertisement to potential mates of one's health and vitality.…”

Section: Food Neophilia: a Mating Display?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among humans, women have been under stronger selective pressures to protect themselves and their offspring (e.g., Curtis, de Barra, & Aunger, 2011), leading to behavior that is typically more prudent and less risky than that of men (e.g., Byrnes, Miller, & Schafer, 1999;Fessler et al, 2004). Moreover, women have been under stronger selective pressure to avoid infection because of their greater likelihood of transmitting pathogens to their offspring -in ancestral conditions, women undoubtedly spent a greater amount of time than men caring for offspring (Sear & Mace, 2008).…”

Section: Food Neophilia: a Mating Display?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunological competence has been hypothesized to be an important marker of genetic quality, or "good genes" (Fessler et al, 2004;Hamilton & Zuk, 1982;von Schantz, Bensch, Grahn, Hasselquist, & Wittzell, 1999), which women prioritize more in short-term than long-term mating (Buss & Schmitt, 1993;Gangestad & Thornhill, 1997b;Waynforth, Delwadia, & Camm, 2005), and whose importance increases at ovulation -when women's short-term mating psychology looms largest Gangestad, Thornhill, & Garver-Apgar, 2005;Garver-Apgar, Gangestad, & Thornhill, 2008;Gildersleeve, Haselton, & Fales, 2014). Consequently, men's displays of food neophilia should be more relevant and more effective as mating advertisements in short-term than in long-term mating contexts.…”

Section: Is the Link Between Food Neophobia And Mating Specific To Shmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mating strategy, disgust, and food neophobia

et al. 2015

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A B S T R A C TFood neophobia and disgust are commonly thought to be linked, but this hypothesis is typically implicitly assumed rather than directly tested. Evidence for the connection has been based on conceptually and empirically unsound measures of disgust, unpublished research, and indirect findings. This study (N = 283) provides the first direct evidence of a relationship between trait-level food neophobia and traitlevel pathogen disgust. Unexpectedly, we also found that food neophobia varies as a function of sexual disgust and is linked to mating strategy. Using an evolutionary framework, we propose a novel hypothesis that may account for these previously undiscovered findings: the food neophilia as mating display hypothesis. Our discussion centers on future research directions for discriminatively testing this novel hypothesis.

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Section: Food Neophilia: a Mating Display?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Food Neophilia: a Mating Display?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Food Neophilia: a Mating Display?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Is the Link Between Food Neophobia And Mating Specific To Shmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mating strategy, disgust, and food neophobia

et al. 2015

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“…As an example, Fessler, Pillsworth and Flamson (2004) found that women are more sensitive to disgust and react more fearfully to situations that evoke anger in men. Providing an evolutionary explanation, Fessler et al (2004) argued that the feeling of disgust in women signals the presence of potentially harmful influences (e.g. pathogens) that may threaten fetal development.…”

Section: Parental Care and Female Risk-avoidancementioning

confidence: 99%

The baby effect and young male syndrome: social influences on cooperative risk-taking in women and men

Fischer

Hills

2012

Evolution and Human Behavior

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Parental investment theory predicts differences in risk-taking for females and males as a consequence of reproductive context, with females attempting to reduce risks in relation to their own offspring (here called the baby effect), and males taking more risks in competition with one another (young male syndrome). The experiment we report tests these predictions in a cooperative context by introducing the Social Balloon Analogue Risk Task-the Balloon Analogue Risk Task modified to include a social partner (adult male, adult female, or baby)-along with a commitment device, in which participants choose among several possible social partners, with whom they will share their earnings. Results were consistent with the predictions of parental investment theory. Females did not change their levels of risk-taking when paired with adult males or females, but showed a strong reduction in risk when paired with babies. Consistent with previous research, males were strongly inclined to take more risks when paired with another male of the same age, but males showed no change in risk-taking when paired with a female of the same age or a child. The current work provides the first experimental evidence of gender differences in cooperative social risktaking, as well as the first experimental evidence of a mediator of female risk-taking, i.e., babies.

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The effect of anger on intentionality bias

Subra

2021

Aggressive Behavior

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More than a decade of research on emotions has demonstrated the role of affect in social judgments. Emotions influence the way individuals make inferences about others' behavior. Building on these previous findings, the present research investigates the effects of anger and sadness on the attribution of intentionality. In Experiment 1, angry, sad, or neutral participants read a series of sentences describing simple actions and had to indicate whether the actions were done intentionally or accidentally. Results showed that anger significantly predicted the proportion of intentional judgment when participants were asked to interpret ambiguous sentences. In Experiment 2, the effect of anger on intentionality was replicated. Angry participants endorsed more intentional explanations than neutral participants. This finding helps explain how anger increases the inclination to make hostile inferences.

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Angry men and disgusted women: An evolutionary approach to the influence of emotions on risk taking

Cited by 235 publications

References 67 publications

Mating strategy, disgust, and food neophobia

Mating strategy, disgust, and food neophobia

The baby effect and young male syndrome: social influences on cooperative risk-taking in women and men

The effect of anger on intentionality bias

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