Aniline hydroxylase, N-demethylase, and cytochrome P450 in liver microsomes of hens fed DDT and dieldrin

Sell, J. L.; Davison, K. L.; Puyear, Robert L.

doi:10.1021/jf60173a048

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Walker et al (1969) have also studied the toxicity of dieldrin to Japanese quail. In studies on the effects of DDT and dieldrin on liver microsomal activity of hens, Sell et al (1971) also found that the liver microsomal enzymes exhibited a marked independence. p,p'-DDT reduced liver microsomal aniline hydroxylase activity but did not significantly affect Ar-demethylase activity or cytochrome P-450 concentrations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Comparison of DDT effect on pentobarbital metabolism in rats and quail

Bitman¹,

Cecil²,

Harris³

et al. 1971

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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In rats, the o,p'-and /,/'-isomers of DDT and the environmentally important analogs, DDE and DDD, induce increased levels of liver microsomal enzymes. A standard dose of pentobarbital, therefore, produced a shorter period of hypnosis and sleeping time in pesticide treated rats than in controls. In complete contrast to this situation in the mammalian species, the chlorinated pesticides inhibit liver metabolism of pentobarbital in Japanese quail, and longer sleeping times are observed. In both rats and quail, /,/'-DDT and /,/'-DDE accumulate in body lipid linearly with time on the diet to levels of 150 ppm in rats and 1500 ppm in quail. This tenfold difference in accumulation may represent a species difference. In both rats and quail, o,p'-DDT and ,/'-DDE only accumulate to a level of 15 ppm. In spite of very low accumulations in body lipid, the o,/'-isomers were very effective in stimulating or inhibiting pentobarbital metabolism, indicating that toxicological effects are more closely related to intake than to body burden.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Comparison of DDT effect on pentobarbital metabolism in rats and quail

Bitman¹,

Cecil²,

Harris³

et al. 1971

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Microsomes were incubated for 5 minutes with 40 and 200/Jg of mirex, about 88% of the mirex precipitated at 10,000 g and about 9% was found to be associated with the microsomal particles. Decreased hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity in the chicken (Sell et aL 1971) and in the Japanese quail (Sell et al 1972) is found after dietary administration of DDT. The reduction in hepatic aniline hydroxylase in the Japanese quail can be completely attributed to the inhibition by DDT because DDT and DDE were found to inhibit hydroxylation of aniline at lO'TM concentration.…”

Section: Effect Of'mirex Pretreatment On Body Weight and Liver-to-bodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mirex on the activities of various rat hepatic mixed-function oxidases

Mehendale

Chen

Fishbein

et al. 1973

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Mirex (dodecachlorooctahydro-1,3,4-metheno-2H-cyclobuta[ cd ] pentalene) was orally administered to male and female rats at daily dosages of 5, t0, 25, and 50 mg/kg for 5 days and its effects on aniline hydroxylas, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase, ethyl morphine-N-demethylase, and UDP-glucmonyltransferase activities in the liver were studied. Liver-to-body weight ratios show significant increases at all of the doses tested, reaching maximum of 206 and 230 per cent of controls at a dose of 25 mg/kg for males and females, respectively. Metabolism of each of the substrates is altered by each dose of mirex fed. Aniline hydroxylase activity is decreased at all levels tested and the reduction is progressive with the dose. The Mirex content of rat liver microsomes is, by analysis, 9.69, 14.75, and 36.73 /lg per 0.2gram-equivalents of liver microsomes from male rats treated at 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg, respectively. Aniline hydroxylase activity is not affected by addition of up to 400 #g of mirex to the reaction mixtures, using liver preparations from untreated animals, p-Nitroanisote demethylation activity is induced to a maximum in animals treated at 5 mg/kg. Ethyl morphine demethylase is induced to a maximum by 10 mg/kg in male and 25 mg/kg in female rats. Higher doses manifest a reversal of p-nitroanisole-and ethyl morphine demethylase activities in both the sexes. Although the UDP-glucuronyl transferase specific activity is unaffected by mirex pretreatment, total activity in the liver increases to a maximum of 173 and t49 percent of controls at 25 mg/kg in males and females, respectively. Thus, it appears that chronic low doses of mirex seriously alter hepatic mixed-function oxidase systems of exposed animals, although mirex is not a substrate for any of these enzymes.

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“…However, the evidence concerning the action of these two organochlorines on liver mi~ed function oxidase enzymes of birds is not as conclusive. Workers have demonstrated that DDT does not induce, but rather decreases the liver mixed function oxidase system of chickens (Sell et al 1971, Stephen et al 1971 and Japanese quail , GiUett and Arscott 1969, Sell et al 1972. On the other hand, both DDT and PCBs have inductive effects on in vitro hepatic steroid metabolism of birds (Lincer and Peakall 1970, Nowicki and Norman 1972, PeakaU 1967, 1970, Risebrough et al 1968) and on cytochrome P4zo (Bailey and Bunyan 1972 The observation that the hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase enzyme system was increased by DDT and PCB in rats but was decreased by DDT in chickens led us to study the inductive effects of PCBs on liver microsomal enzyme systems in chickens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver mixed function oxidases in chickens: Induction by polychlorinated biphenyls and lack of induction by DDT

Cecil

Harris

Bitman

1978

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Microsomal hydroxylase and demethylase activities were compared in livers from White Leghorn cockerels fed polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) containing 21 to 68% chlorine, or p,p'-DDT. The higher chlorinated PCBs, Aroclor 1254 and 1268, were potent inducers of hepatic enzyme activity while DDT did not induce these enzymes. Aroclor 1254 was the most potent inducer because feeding 5 ppm increased liver aminopyrine demethylase activity 1.5X but did not affect liver weight. Feeding 50 and 500 ppm of Aroclor 1254 and 1268 increased liver weight and demethylase activity per mg of protein. A differential response in the two enzymes occurred. Only 500 ppm of Aroclor 1268 increased hydroxylase activity. Aroclor 1242 had no effect on liver enzyme concentration but 50 and 500 ppm of Aroclor 1242 increased liver weights and consequently increased total enzyme activity. Our data demonstrated that in the avian species DDT and PCB did not have the same effect on hepatic microsomal enzyme activity.

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Aniline hydroxylase, N-demethylase, and cytochrome P450 in liver microsomes of hens fed DDT and dieldrin

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Comparison of DDT effect on pentobarbital metabolism in rats and quail

Comparison of DDT effect on pentobarbital metabolism in rats and quail

Effect of mirex on the activities of various rat hepatic mixed-function oxidases

Liver mixed function oxidases in chickens: Induction by polychlorinated biphenyls and lack of induction by DDT

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