Animal-associated injuries and related diseases among returned travellers: A review of the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network

Gautret, Philippe; Schwartz, Eli; Shaw, Marc; Soula, G; Gazin, Pierre; Delmont, J.; Parola, Philippe; Soavi, Marie José; Matchett, Elizabeth; Brown, Graham V.; Torresi, Joseph

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.12.034

Cited by 95 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The main reason cited was the cost of the vaccine, as recognized and discussed in many papers. 2,3,[10][11][12] Length of stay in an area of rabies risk is also a factor considered by some doctors before recommending vaccination. Although it is logical to assume that travelers' staying longer carry a higher risk, the risk to short-term travelers should not be neglected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study, of 320 cases, by the GeoSentinel network, showed that animalassociated injuries occurred in a median trip duration of 23 days. 12 In addition to vaccination, health education is important to prevent misconceptions and misunderstandings. In our study, 41% did not know they could get rabies if an infected animal licked their broken skin; 37% did not know that cats could carries rabies; and 20% did not know that they must get a booster shot after being bitten even though they had completed their pre-exposure course of vaccinations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rabies Exposure Risk among Foreign Backpackers in Southeast Asia

Piyaphanee¹,

Shantavasinkul²,

Phumratanaprapin³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Rabies remains a problem in Southeast Asia where large numbers of backpackers visit each year. During May-June 2008, a survey study was conducted of foreign backpackers in Bangkok, Thailand to assess their risk of rabies exposure . Eight hundred seventy (870) questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The median age of the backpackers was 25.5 years. Most of them were European (68.4%), followed by North American (13.2%). Although 80.7% had sought health information before traveling, only 55.6% had received information about rabies. Only 18.1% had completed preexposure rabies vaccination (3 shots) before travel, whereas 70.9% had not been vaccinated for rabies at all. In this study, the incidence of being licked was 3.56%, and of being bitten 0.69%, on average stays of 30.06 days in Southeast Asia. More than a half (54%) of exposures occurred in the first 10 days after arrival in Southeast Asia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies Exposure Risk among Foreign Backpackers in Southeast Asia

Piyaphanee¹,

Shantavasinkul²,

Phumratanaprapin³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…New Delhi, one of the most populous cities in the world, is also home to ≈5,000 free-ranging rhesus macaques. Interspecies contact leading to nonhuman primate bites is a familiar and increasing phenomenon in communities such as these and for their international tourists (33,34). The 5 major monkey temples in Bali collectively attract up to 700,000 visitors a year, most of whom feed monkeys and thousands of whom are bitten and/or scratched.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse Contexts of Zoonotic Transmission of Simian Foamy Viruses in Asia

Jones‐Engel

May

Engel

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

105

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In Asia, contact between persons and nonhuman primates is widespread in multiple occupational and nonoccupational contexts. Simian foamy viruses (SFVs) are retroviruses that are prevalent in all species of nonhuman primates. To determine SFV prevalence in humans, we tested 305 persons who lived or worked around nonhuman primates in several South and Southeast Asian countries; 8 (2.6%) were confi rmed SFV positive by Western blot and, for some, by PCR. The interspecies interactions that likely resulted in virus transmission were diverse; 5 macaque taxa were implicated as the source of infection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that SFV from 3 infected persons was similar to that from the nonhuman primate populations with which the infected persons reported contact. Thus, SFV infections are likely to be prevalent among persons who live or work near nonhuman primates in Asia.

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“…Children are more prone to and suffer greater rates of morbidity and death resulting from animal exposure. 24 In fact, an assessment of indigenous populations concluded that rabies remains an important neglected disease in Asia and Africa, principally affecting children. 25 Therefore, rabies preexposure prophylaxis for children traveling to rabiesendemic countries, particularly where the availability of rabies vaccine and human rabies immunoglobulins is restricted, should be considered.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Illness in Children After International Travel: Analysis From the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network

et al. 2010

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OBJECTIVE: By using a large, multicenter database, we investigated the characteristics and morbidities of 1591 children returning from 218 global destinations and presenting for care in 19 countries. METHODS: Data reported to the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network between January 1997 and November 2007 were analyzed, to assess demographic features, travel characteristics, and clinical diagnoses of ill pediatric travelers. Data were compared between children and adults and among 3 pediatric age groups (0–5 years, 6–11 years, and 12–17 years). RESULTS: Children were predominantly tourist travelers returning from Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, or Latin America. Compared with adults, children disproportionately presented within 7 days after return, required hospitalization, lacked pretravel health advice, and had traveled for the purpose of visiting friends and relatives. Diarrhea (28%), dermatologic conditions (25%), systemic febrile illnesses (23%), and respiratory disorders (11%) accounted for the majority of diagnoses reported for children. No fatalities were reported. Diarrhea occurred disproportionately among children after exposure to the Middle East/North Africa, dermatologic conditions after exposure to Latin America, systemic febrile illnesses after exposure to sub-Saharan Africa or Asia, and respiratory disorders after exposure to Europe or North America. The proportionate morbidity rates of travel-associated diseases differed among the pediatric age groups and between children and adults. CONCLUSIONS: The health care utilization patterns before and after travel and the profiles of travel-associated health problems differed between children and adults. Health professionals providing pretravel advice need to consider destination- and age-specific susceptibility to travel-related morbidities and develop prevention strategies accordingly.

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Animal-associated injuries and related diseases among returned travellers: A review of the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network

Cited by 95 publications

References 18 publications

Rabies Exposure Risk among Foreign Backpackers in Southeast Asia

Rabies Exposure Risk among Foreign Backpackers in Southeast Asia

Diverse Contexts of Zoonotic Transmission of Simian Foamy Viruses in Asia

Illness in Children After International Travel: Analysis From the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network

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