Animal mesenchymal stem cell research in cartilage regenerative medicine – a review

Gugjoo, Mudasir Bashir; Amarpal,; Fazili, M. R.; Gayas, Mohmmad Abrar; Ahmad, Raja Aijaz; Dhama, Kuldeep

doi:10.1080/01652176.2019.1643051

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 176 publications

(382 reference statements)

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“…Although the ovine knee cartilage differs in thickness to human cartilage (0.7−1.7 mm and 2.35 mm, respectively), it provides a close match regarding mechanical properties for preclinical studies (Frisbie et al, 2006;Chu et al, 2010;Mclure et al, 2012). Tissue engineering approaches including different cell sources (as MSCs or chondrocytes) have been widely tested in the sheep for chondral/osteochondral defects (Lo Monaco et al, 2018;Gugjoo et al, 2019). Cells can also be applied with scaffolds of different nature to improve and support regeneration (Chitosan, type I/III collagen, b-TCP, collagen hydrogels) (Bernstein et al, 2013;Sanz-Ramos et al, 2014;Dias et al, 2018).…”

Section: Musculoskeletal Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, arthroscopic evaluation is possible in the sheep due to the size of their stifle joints. Therefore, the ovine species is the most commonly used large animal model in orthopedic research including studies on: cartilage repair ( Music et al, 2018 ), meniscal repair ( Hurtig et al, 1998 ; Tytherleigh-Strong et al, 2005 ), osteochondral tissue engineering ( Sanjurjo-Rodriguez et al, 2017 ), tendon defects ( Crovace et al, 2008 ; Martinello et al, 2013 ), osteoarthritis ( Oakley et al, 2004 ; Gugjoo et al, 2019 ), and osteoporosis ( Dias et al, 2018 ) among the others.…”

Section: Sheep As Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large Animal Models in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering: To Do or Not to Do

Ribitsch

Baptista

Consiglio

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

158

110

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Rapid developments in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering has witnessed an increasing drive toward clinical translation of breakthrough technologies. However, the progression of promising preclinical data to achieve successful clinical market authorisation remains a bottleneck. One hurdle for progress to the clinic is the transition from small animal research to advanced preclinical studies in large animals to test safety and efficacy of products. Notwithstanding this, to draw meaningful and reliable conclusions from animal experiments it is critical that the species and disease model of choice is relevant to answer the research question as well as the clinical problem. Selecting the most appropriate animal model requires in-depth knowledge of specific species and breeds to ascertain the adequacy of the model and outcome measures that closely mirror the clinical situation. Traditional reductionist approaches in animal experiments, which often do not sufficiently reflect the studied disease, are still the norm and can result in a disconnect in outcomes observed between animal studies and clinical trials. To address these concerns a reconsideration in approach will be required. This should include a stepwise approach using in vitro and ex vivo experiments as well as in silico modeling to minimize the need for in vivo studies for screening and early development studies, followed by large animal models which more closely resemble human disease. Naturally occurring, or spontaneous diseases in large animals remain a largely untapped resource, and given the similarities in pathophysiology to humans they not only allow for studying new treatment strategies but also disease etiology and prevention. Naturally occurring disease models, particularly for longer lived large animal species, allow for studying disorders at an age when the disease is most prevalent. As these diseases are usually also a concern in the chosen veterinary species they would be beneficiaries of newly developed therapies. Improved awareness of the progress

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Section: Musculoskeletal Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sheep As Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Animal Models in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering: To Do or Not to Do

Ribitsch

Baptista

Consiglio

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

158

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although the literature is full of studies that favor MSCs immuno-modulatory effects but many studies have failed to see immuno-privileged and/ immuno-modulatory effects of the cells [ 3 , 9 , 15 , 122 ]. Many studies have shown that MSCs carry a number of receptors that can interact with T-cells.…”

Section: Conflicting Research Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The controlled application of such cells may be expected to do wonders in the field of therapeutics and regenerative medicine [ 2 , 4 - 7 ]. However, limited understanding of the cellular physiology and effects of the microenvironment restricts their definitive therapeutic applications [ 8 , 9 ]. Among various stem cell types, Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are mostly considered for preclinical and/ or clinical trials [ 10 - 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Immuno-Modulatory and Anti- Inflammatory Mechanisms in Immune and Allergic Disorders

Gugjoo

Hussain

Amarpal

et al. 2020

IAD

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Background: Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are present in almost all the tissues of the body and act as the backbone of the internal tissue homeostasis. Among their various characteristic features, immuno-modulatory and/ anti-inflammatory properties play an important role in therapeutics. Objective: The current topic focuses on the characterization and immuno-modulatory and/ antiinflammatory properties of MSCs. To present and discuss the current status of MSCs immunomodulatory properties. Methods: Available literature on MSCs properties and patents have been detailed, critically interpreted, and discussed based upon available literature. The main focus has been on their characteristic immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties though some of the basic characterization markers have also been detailed. The databases searched for the literature include PubMed, Med Line, PubMed Central, Science Direct and a few other scientific databases. Results: MSCs are present in a very limited concentration in the tissues, and as such their culture expansion becomes imperative. MSCs immuno-modulatory and anti-inflammatory roles are achieved through direct cell-cell contact and / by the release of certain factors. Such properties are controlled by micro-environment upon which currently very limited control can be exerted. Besides, further insights in the xeno-protein free culture media as against the fetal bovine serum is required. Conclusions: MSCs have been well-isolated, cultured and characterized from numerous tissues of the body. The majority of the studies have shown MSCs as immuno-compromised with immunomodulatory and / or anti-inflammatory properties except some of the latest studies that have failed to achieve the desired results and thus, demand further research. Further research is required in the area to translate the results into clinical application.

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“…MSCs have been described in laboratory, domestic and wild animal species (reviewed by Gugjoo et al 2019a). Equine MSCs, derived from tissues such as bone marrow (Fortier et al 1998), adipose tissue (Vidal et al 2007;Shojaee et al 2019), endometrium (Corradetti et al 2014;Rink et al 2017;Cabezas et al 2018), hair follicles (Michler et al 2018), synovial fluid and membrane (Prado et al 2015), amniotic membrane (Corradetti et al 2014), umbilical cord wall and blood (Koch et al 2007;Cremonesi et al 2008;Alizadeh et al 2018;Merlo et al 2019), have also been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronary corium, a new source of equine mesenchymal stromal cells

et al. 2020

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Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted great attention for therapeutic applications. Since cells derived from different tissues have different properties, using the right tissue source may impact their efficiency in regenerative medicine. This study describes for the first time the isolation and characterization of MSCs derived from the equine coronary corium, which may be useful for treating diseases such as laminitis. Seven coronary corium samples were used for isolation of cells (ccMSCs). Adherent cells were characterized for morphology, immunophenotype, proliferation and differentiation potential, in vitro migration and colony-forming capacity. The cells displayed the characteristic fibroblastoid morphology, with population doubling time increasing until passage 7 and reaching a plateau in passage 10. Cells were negative for CD14 and CD45, and positive for CD73 and CD90. ccMSCs showed chondrogenic and osteogenic, but not adipogenic differentiation, and migrated with nearly total closing of the empty area in 48 h, in the scratch assay. The clonogenic potential was in average 18% to 23%. This study describes for the first time the establishment of mesenchymal stromal cell cultures from the equine coronary corium. The results are similar to MSCs isolated from many other equine tissues, except for restricted differentiation potential. As coronary corium stem cell regulation may contribute to the pathogenesis of equine chronic laminitis, the use of ccMSCs in cell therapy for this significantly debilitating disease should be further investigated.

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Animal mesenchymal stem cell research in cartilage regenerative medicine – a review

Cited by 24 publications

References 176 publications

Large Animal Models in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering: To Do or Not to Do

Large Animal Models in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering: To Do or Not to Do

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Immuno-Modulatory and Anti- Inflammatory Mechanisms in Immune and Allergic Disorders

Coronary corium, a new source of equine mesenchymal stromal cells

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